{"version":2,"locale":"de","id":"story.starosel-sanctuary","hasFind":true,"slug":"starosel-sanctuary","url":"/de/stories/starosel-sanctuary/","topic":"Starosel","title":"Für wen war der Saal unter dem Hügel?","summary":"Eine Steintür ahmt Holz nach. An den Wänden sind Farben erhalten, vor dem Eingang liegen zerbrochene Gefäße. Archäologen verbinden diese Spuren mit der Macht und den Riten der odrysischen Könige, streiten aber über die Nutzung des Gebäudes.","cover":{"title":"Für wen war der Saal unter dem Hügel?","subtitle":"Herrscher, Riten und der Streit um Starosel","hook":"Warum gibt es einen Saal unter dem Hügel?","summary":"Eine Steintür ahmt Holz nach. An den Wänden sind Farben erhalten, vor dem Eingang liegen zerbrochene Gefäße. Archäologen verbinden diese Spuren mit der Macht und den Riten der odrysischen Könige, streiten aber über die Nutzung des Gebäudes.","takeaway":"Stein und Funde geben Hinweise auf königliche Verehrung; die genauen Riten und der Name des Herrschers bleiben offen."},"sortYear":-340,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.antiquity","styleId":"antiquity","sortOrder":6,"title":"Antike: Thraker, Griechen, Römer","dateLabel":"1. Jt. v. Chr. – 6. Jh. n. Chr.","eraShort":"Antike","slug":"antiquity","fill":"#D4CBBE","ink":"#221616","raised":"#DAD3C8","dark":"#6B6862"},"epochId":"epoch.antiquity","placeShort":"Starosel","date":"ca. 350–330 v. Chr.","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-cutout-480.227cdbfd.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-cutout-960.227cdbfd.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-cutout-1600.227cdbfd.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#a69a95","h":1800,"w":2391,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-cutout-960.227cdbfd.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-cutout-960.227cdbfd.webp","id":"asset.sta.door-fragment-cutout","alt":"Freigestelltes Detail; Hintergrund entfernt. Steinfragment mit glatter Fläche und erhabenen Kreisen, die Nagelköpfe nachahmen. Es liegt außerhalb seines ursprünglichen Platzes auf dem Boden.","objectCaption":"Steintür","caption":"Steinfragment mit glatter Fläche und erhabenen Kreisen, die Nagelköpfe nachahmen. Es liegt außerhalb seines ursprünglichen Platzes auf dem Boden.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"kery_one · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: kery_one, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stone fragment with a smooth panel and projecting circles carved to resemble nail heads, lying on the ground away from its original position. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"kery_one, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stone fragment with a smooth panel and projecting circles carved to resemble nail heads, lying on the ground away from its original position. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chetinyova_Mogila_-_GatePart.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.s1-hill-with-doors","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Eine Treppe unter der Erde","body":"Unter der Erde des Tschetinjowa-Hügels bei Starosel liegt ein Steingebäude. Neun Stufen führen zu einem Podest. Es folgen ein Gang und eine rechteckige Vorkammer. Sie liegt vor dem runden Hauptsaal. Warum baute jemand einen so aufwendigen Eingang unter einem Hügel?\n\nArchäologen gruben das Gebäude im Jahr 2000 aus. Es war bereits beraubt. Viele Gegenstände fehlen, die helfen könnten zu verstehen, was im Inneren geschah. Doch Türen, Wände und Gefäßscherben sind geblieben.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-480.ce6b05eb.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-960.ce6b05eb.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-1600.ce6b05eb.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#654f40","h":1067,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-960.ce6b05eb.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-960.ce6b05eb.webp","id":"asset.sta.side-stair","alt":"Teil der seitlichen Treppen bei Tschetinjowa unter einem modernen Schutzdach. Nach den Ausgrabungen wurden Stufen neu angeordnet und hinzugefügt; ihre antike Funktion ist umstritten. Dies ist nicht die Haupttreppe mit neun Stufen.","objectCaption":"Teil der seitlichen Treppen bei Tschetinjowa unter einem modernen Schutzdach. Nach den Ausgrabungen wurden Stufen neu angeordnet und hinzugefügt; ihre antike Funktion ist umstritten. Dies ist nicht die Haupttreppe mit neun Stufen.","caption":"Teil der seitlichen Treppen bei Tschetinjowa unter einem modernen Schutzdach. Nach den Ausgrabungen wurden Stufen neu angeordnet und hinzugefügt; ihre antike Funktion ist umstritten. Dies ist nicht die Haupttreppe mit neun Stufen.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Part of the side stairs at Chetinyova under a modern shelter. Steps were rearranged or added after excavation; their ancient function is debated. This is not the main flight of nine steps. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Part of the side stairs at Chetinyova under a modern shelter. Steps were rearranged or added after excavation; their ancient function is debated. This is not the main flight of nine steps. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Starosel_Thracian_Cult_Complex_05.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":24.152083333333334,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.starosel-sanctuary.starosel-sanctuary.s1-hill-with-doors","duration":24.277,"src":"/audio/de/starosel-sanctuary/s1-hill-with-doors.fca78199.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"},{"id":"src.sta.kitov-web"},{"id":"src.sta.photo.side-stair"}]},{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.s2-kings-and-mounds","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Ein großer Hügel unter rivalisierenden Königen","body":"Das Odrysenreich war ein Staat im antiken Thrakien. Es zerfiel, und die Herrscher kämpften um die Macht. 341 v. Chr. versetzte der makedonische König Philipp II. den Odrysen einen entscheidenden Schlag.\n\nEiner Deutung zufolge könnte der große Hügel Macht und eine Verbindung zu früheren Königen gezeigt haben.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Das Gebäude mit dem Rundsaal unter dem Hügel. Die Ausgrabungen begannen im Jahr 2000.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.sta.chetinyova","name":"Tschetinjowa-Hügel","latitude":42.511978,"longitude":24.547068,"radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.sta.vici-chetinyova","src.sta.tzochev2022"],"accuracy":"approximate","guideUrl":null,"slug":"sta.chetinyova","url":"/de/map/#sta.chetinyova"},{"note":"Ein eigener Hügel mit einer Kolonnade, einer Reihe freistehender Säulen.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.sta.horizont","name":"Hügel Horizont","latitude":42.5011,"longitude":24.5514,"radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.sta.wikidata-horizont","src.sta.ministry"],"accuracy":"approximate","guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/de/place/#thracian-tomb-horizont-near-starosel","slug":"sta.horizont","url":"/de/map/#sta.horizont"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-1536.8876519a.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-2048.4c826249.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-3072.8876519a.avif","w":3072}]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief-dark@3x.jpg?v=0941a59d06","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-1024.73ab39a9.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-1536.4f3ca147.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-2048.73ab39a9.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-3072.4f3ca147.avif","w":3072}]},"places":[{"note":"Das Gebäude mit dem Rundsaal unter dem Hügel. Die Ausgrabungen begannen im Jahr 2000.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.sta.chetinyova","name":"Tschetinjowa-Hügel","latitude":42.511978,"longitude":24.547068,"radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.sta.vici-chetinyova","src.sta.tzochev2022"],"accuracy":"approximate","guideUrl":null,"slug":"sta.chetinyova","url":"/de/map/#sta.chetinyova","number":1,"x":38.08835,"y":55.70337,"inside":true,"viewX":47.18040774193548,"viewY":49.81717677096774},{"note":"Ein eigener Hügel mit einer Kolonnade, einer Reihe freistehender Säulen.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.sta.horizont","name":"Hügel 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Tür, die wie Holz aussieht","body":"Auf dem Foto liegt ein Teil einer Steintür. Darauf ragen kleine Kreise wie Nagelköpfe hervor. Sie sind Teil des Reliefs, eines erhabenen, aus dem Stein gehauenen Schmucks. Der Stein ähnelt einer Holztür mit Querbrettern.\n\nDer Eingang zur Vorkammer hatte zwei Flügel, die beweglichen Teile der Tür. Die Tür zum runden Saal hatte einen. Auf den Schwellen sind bogenförmige Spuren des Bewegungsmechanismus zu sehen. Möglicherweise wurden die Türen bei Riten wiederholt geöffnet.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-480.b148b6ba.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-960.b148b6ba.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-1600.b148b6ba.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-2400.b148b6ba.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#a7a3a3","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-960.b148b6ba.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-door-fragment-960.b148b6ba.webp","id":"asset.sta.door-fragment","alt":"Steinfragment mit glatter Fläche und erhabenen Kreisen, die Nagelköpfe nachahmen. Es liegt außerhalb seines ursprünglichen Platzes auf dem Boden.","objectCaption":"Steintür","caption":"Steinfragment mit glatter Fläche und erhabenen Kreisen, die Nagelköpfe nachahmen. Es liegt außerhalb seines ursprünglichen Platzes auf dem Boden.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"kery_one · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: kery_one, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stone fragment with a smooth panel and projecting circles carved to resemble nail heads, lying on the ground away from its original position. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"kery_one, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stone fragment with a smooth panel and projecting circles carved to resemble nail heads, lying on the ground away from its original position. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chetinyova_Mogila_-_GatePart.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h.sta.panel","x":0.52,"y":0.34,"title":"Steinfläche","body":"Die glatte Fläche besteht aus Stein. Eingemeißelter Schmuck ahmt eine Holztür nach.","sourceIds":["src.sta.tzochev2022"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h.sta.bosses","x":0.43,"y":0.8,"title":"Eingemeißelte Kreise","body":"Die erhabenen Kreise ähneln Nagelköpfen. Sie sind Teil des eingemeißelten Schmucks.","sourceIds":["src.sta.tzochev2022"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h.sta.break","x":0.835,"y":0.295,"title":"Bruchkante","body":"Das Foto zeigt eine abgebrochene Kante des Fragments. Wann und warum es zerbrach, lässt sich daraus nicht erkennen.","sourceIds":["src.sta.photo.door-fragment"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":23.803791666666665,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.starosel-sanctuary.starosel-sanctuary.s3-stone-door","duration":23.893,"src":"/audio/de/starosel-sanctuary/s3-stone-door.f84d460f.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"},{"id":"src.sta.sarbova2025"},{"id":"src.sta.photo.door-fragment"}]},{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.s4-columns-and-colour","number":4,"kind":"artifact","title":"Ein runder Saal mit Farbe","body":"Der Saal ist etwa fünf Meter breit. Zehn Halbsäulen sind mit der Wand verbunden, statt frei zu stehen. Man nennt sie dorisch: Hier haben sie senkrechte Rillen und schlichte, verbreiterte Abschlüsse. Darüber verläuft ein Fries, ein waagerechtes Schmuckband. Abschnitte mit Rillen wechseln sich mit glatten Feldern ab. Spuren von Blau, Schwarz und Rot sind erhalten.\n\nDas Foto ist neueren Datums. Die Steine der Kuppel wurden 2013 wieder zusammengesetzt. Die Lampen sind modern.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-round-hall-480.6602a3e8.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-round-hall-960.6602a3e8.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-round-hall-1600.6602a3e8.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-round-hall-2400.6602a3e8.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#6f6250","h":1150,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-round-hall-960.6602a3e8.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-round-hall-960.6602a3e8.webp","id":"asset.sta.round-hall","alt":"Panoramaaufnahme eines Teils des Rundsaals bei Tschetinjowa: mit der Wand verbundene Halbsäulen und ein farbiger Fries. Die Lampen sind modern; die Kuppelsteine wurden 2013 neu zusammengesetzt.","objectCaption":"Panoramaaufnahme eines Teils des Rundsaals bei Tschetinjowa: mit der Wand verbundene Halbsäulen und ein farbiger Fries. Die Lampen sind modern; die Kuppelsteine wurden 2013 neu zusammengesetzt.","caption":"Panoramaaufnahme eines Teils des Rundsaals bei Tschetinjowa: mit der Wand verbundene Halbsäulen und ein farbiger Fries. Die Lampen sind modern; die Kuppelsteine wurden 2013 neu zusammengesetzt.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Panoramic photograph of part of Chetinyova’s round hall: half-columns attached to the wall and a coloured frieze. Lamps are modern; the dome stones were reassembled in 2013. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Panoramic photograph of part of Chetinyova’s round hall: half-columns attached to the wall and a coloured frieze. Lamps are modern; the dome stones were reassembled in 2013. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Starosel_Thracian_Cult_Complex_16.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-painted-frieze-480.b9f1b33b.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-painted-frieze-960.b9f1b33b.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-painted-frieze-1600.b9f1b33b.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#999285","h":1350,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-painted-frieze-960.b9f1b33b.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-painted-frieze-960.b9f1b33b.webp","id":"asset.sta.painted-frieze","alt":"Teil des Frieses, des Zierstreifens über den Säulen im Rundsaal. Eine heutige Aufnahme erhaltenen Steinschmucks, keine Rekonstruktion einer Zeremonie.","objectCaption":"Teil des Frieses, des Zierstreifens über den Säulen im Rundsaal. Eine heutige Aufnahme erhaltenen Steinschmucks, keine Rekonstruktion einer Zeremonie.","caption":"Teil des Frieses, des Zierstreifens über den Säulen im Rundsaal. Eine heutige Aufnahme erhaltenen Steinschmucks, keine Rekonstruktion einer Zeremonie.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Trayan Momkov · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Trayan Momkov, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Part of the frieze, the decorative band above the round hall’s columns. A modern photograph of surviving stone decoration, not a reconstruction of a ceremony. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Trayan Momkov, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Part of the frieze, the decorative band above the round hall’s columns. A modern photograph of surviving stone decoration, not a reconstruction of a ceremony. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starosel-tumulus-coloured-stones.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-half-column-480.46381af3.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-half-column-960.46381af3.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-half-column-1600.46381af3.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#69604f","h":2400,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-half-column-960.46381af3.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-half-column-960.46381af3.webp","id":"asset.sta.half-column","alt":"Eine dorische Halbsäule aus Stein mit senkrechten Rillen und verbreitertem oberen Abschluss, verbunden mit der Wand des Rundsaals bei Tschetinjowa. Sie ist keine freistehende Säule aus Horizont.","objectCaption":"Eine dorische Halbsäule aus Stein mit senkrechten Rillen und verbreitertem oberen Abschluss, verbunden mit der Wand des Rundsaals bei Tschetinjowa. Sie ist keine freistehende Säule aus Horizont.","caption":"Eine dorische Halbsäule aus Stein mit senkrechten Rillen und verbreitertem oberen Abschluss, verbunden mit der Wand des Rundsaals bei Tschetinjowa. Sie ist keine freistehende Säule aus Horizont.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. A stone Doric half-column with upright grooves and a spreading top attached to the wall of Chetinyova’s round hall. It is not a freestanding column from Horizont. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. A stone Doric half-column with upright grooves and a spreading top attached to the wall of Chetinyova’s round hall. It is not a freestanding column from Horizont. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Starosel_Thracian_Cult_Complex_21.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-inner-doorway-480.08617473.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-inner-doorway-960.08617473.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-inner-doorway-1350.08617473.avif","w":1350}],"dominant":"#8a827e","h":2400,"w":1350,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-inner-doorway-960.08617473.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-inner-doorway-960.08617473.webp","id":"asset.sta.inner-doorway","alt":"Steinrahmen und Schwelle zum Rundsaal bei Tschetinjowa. Kabel und Beleuchtung sind modern.","objectCaption":"Steinrahmen und Schwelle zum Rundsaal bei Tschetinjowa. Kabel und Beleuchtung sind modern.","caption":"Steinrahmen und Schwelle zum Rundsaal bei Tschetinjowa. Kabel und Beleuchtung sind modern.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Trayan Momkov · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Trayan Momkov, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stone frame and threshold leading into Chetinyova’s round hall. Cable and lighting are modern. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Trayan Momkov, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Stone frame and threshold leading into Chetinyova’s round hall. Cable and lighting are modern. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starosel-tumulus-entrance-main-hall.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h.sta.half-column","x":0.59,"y":0.44,"title":"Halbsäule","body":"Die Säule ist mit der Wand verbunden. Im Saal gibt es zehn solcher Säulen; das Foto zeigt nur einen Teil davon.","sourceIds":["src.sta.tzochev2022"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h.sta.frieze","x":0.52,"y":0.14,"title":"Farbiger Fries","body":"Im Zierstreifen über den Säulen wechseln sich gerillte Abschnitte und glatte Felder ab. Farbspuren sind erhalten.","sourceIds":["src.sta.tzochev2022","src.sta.sarbova2025"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":25.011208333333332,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.starosel-sanctuary.starosel-sanctuary.s4-columns-and-colour","duration":25.131,"src":"/audio/de/starosel-sanctuary/s4-columns-and-colour.68c25504.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"},{"id":"src.sta.sarbova2025"},{"id":"src.sta.photo.round-hall"}]},{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.a1-door-evidence","number":5,"kind":"activity","title":"Aufgabe: Stein oder Holz","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.sta.door-evidence","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Was sind die Kreise auf der gezeigten Tür?","sourceIds":["src.sta.tzochev2022"],"items":[{"id":"opt-bosses","label":"In Stein gehauene Nachbildungen von Nagelköpfen."},{"id":"opt-iron","label":"Echte Eisennägel in einem Holzbrett.","whyWrong":"In S3 sahen wir ein Steinstück, kein Holzbrett mit Eisennägeln."},{"id":"opt-coins","label":"Münzen, die auf eine Tür geklebt wurden.","whyWrong":"Die erhabenen Kreise sind herausgehauen, keine einzelnen Münzen."}],"explanation":"Die Tür ist aus Stein. Die erhabenen Kreise sind aus dem Stein gehauen und sehen wie Nagelköpfe aus.","correctItemId":"opt-bosses","sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":2.68525,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.starosel-sanctuary.starosel-sanctuary.a1-door-evidence","duration":2.773,"src":"/audio/de/starosel-sanctuary/a1-door-evidence.27013372.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"}]},{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.s5-pots-and-dates","number":6,"kind":"narrative","title":"Zerbrochene Gefäße vor dem Eingang","body":"Die zerbrochenen Gefäße helfen, das Gebäude zu datieren. In der Vorkammer blieb eine Scherbe eines Skyphos, eines Trinkgefäßes, zurück. Vor dem Eingang liegen Teile von Amphoren, großen Transportgefäßen. Sie befinden sich unter der Aufschüttung, die den Eingang verschloss. Einer Deutung zufolge wurden sie bei einem Bestattungsritus vor dem Verschließen dort zurückgelassen.\n\nDer Vergleich mit anderen Gefäßen und Gebäuden deutet auf eine Bauzeit um 350–330 v. Chr. Das ist eine begründete Datierung, kein genaues Jahr. Die Münzen Philipps II. liegen in der Aufschüttung, nicht im Saal.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-granite-joints-480.dc8caa67.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-granite-joints-960.dc8caa67.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-granite-joints-1600.dc8caa67.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#81726c","h":1067,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-granite-joints-960.dc8caa67.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-granite-joints-960.dc8caa67.webp","id":"asset.sta.granite-joints","alt":"Nahaufnahme des Granitmauerwerks bei Tschetinjowa. Sie zeigt nicht die Keramikfunde, die zur Datierung dienten.","objectCaption":"Nahaufnahme des Granitmauerwerks bei Tschetinjowa. Sie zeigt nicht die Keramikfunde, die zur Datierung dienten.","caption":"Nahaufnahme des Granitmauerwerks bei Tschetinjowa. Sie zeigt nicht die Keramikfunde, die zur Datierung dienten.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Close view of granite masonry at Chetinyova. It does not show the pottery used for dating. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Close view of granite masonry at Chetinyova. It does not show the pottery used for dating. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Starosel_Thracian_Cult_Complex_29.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":33.567791666666665,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.starosel-sanctuary.starosel-sanctuary.s5-pots-and-dates","duration":33.664,"src":"/audio/de/starosel-sanctuary/s5-pots-and-dates.8950d3cb.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"},{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2011"},{"id":"src.sta.photo.granite-joints"}]},{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.a2-order","number":7,"kind":"activity","title":"Aufgabe: Was geschah früher?","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.sta.order","kind":"sequence","prompt":"Ordnen Sie vom frühesten zum spätesten Ereignis.","sourceIds":["src.sta.tzochev2022"],"items":[{"id":"ev-build","label":"Das antike Gebäude wird errichtet."},{"id":"ev-dig","label":"Ausgrabung des Gebäudes"},{"id":"ev-dome","label":"Wiederzusammensetzen der Kuppel"}],"explanation":"Der antike Bau liegt vor den Ausgrabungen. Das erneute Zusammensetzen der Kuppel folgt auf die Ausgrabungen. Der Streit um die genaue antike Datierung ändert diese Reihenfolge nicht.","correctOrderIds":["ev-build","ev-dig","ev-dome"],"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.3237916666666667,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.starosel-sanctuary.starosel-sanctuary.a2-order","duration":3.413,"src":"/audio/de/starosel-sanctuary/a2-order.da8ea7be.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.sta.tzochev2022"}]},{"id":"starosel-sanctuary.s6-tomb-temple-heroon","number":8,"kind":"narrative","title":"Wer wurde im Saal verehrt?","body":"Möglicherweise diente der Saal der Bestattung und der Verehrung eines verstorbenen Herrschers. Eine solche Verehrungsstätte nennt man Heroon.\n\nEs bleibt die Frage, für wen dieses kostspielige Denkmal bestimmt war. Die Zeugnisse reichen nicht aus, um den Herrscher zu nennen. Der Steinschmuck zeigt den betriebenen Aufwand. Die Verehrung eines Königsgeschlechts ist eine mögliche Erklärung dafür.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-retaining-wall-480.cb9225b5.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-retaining-wall-960.cb9225b5.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-retaining-wall-1600.cb9225b5.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#746d59","h":1067,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-retaining-wall-960.cb9225b5.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-retaining-wall-960.cb9225b5.webp","id":"asset.sta.retaining-wall","alt":"Heutige Aufnahme der steinernen Stützmauer um Tschetinjowa. Das sichtbare Mauerwerk allein belegt keinen Sonnenkult.","objectCaption":"Heutige Aufnahme der steinernen Stützmauer um Tschetinjowa. Das sichtbare Mauerwerk allein belegt keinen Sonnenkult.","caption":"Heutige Aufnahme der steinernen Stützmauer um Tschetinjowa. Das sichtbare Mauerwerk allein belegt keinen Sonnenkult.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Modern photograph of the retaining stone wall around Chetinyova. Visible masonry alone does not prove a solar cult. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Modern photograph of the retaining stone wall around Chetinyova. Visible masonry alone does not prove a solar cult. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Starosel_Thracian_Cult_Complex_35.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-colonnade-480.94ed07b2.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-colonnade-960.94ed07b2.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-colonnade-1600.94ed07b2.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#825e48","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-colonnade-960.94ed07b2.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-colonnade-960.94ed07b2.webp","id":"asset.sta.horizont-colonnade","alt":"Freistehende Steinsäulen bei Horizont. Der hölzerne Schutzbau ist modern. Dies sind nicht die Halbsäulen aus dem Rundsaal von Tschetinjowa.","objectCaption":"Freistehende Steinsäulen bei Horizont. Der hölzerne Schutzbau ist modern. Dies sind nicht die Halbsäulen aus dem Rundsaal von Tschetinjowa.","caption":"Freistehende Steinsäulen bei Horizont. Der hölzerne Schutzbau ist modern. Dies sind nicht die Halbsäulen aus dem Rundsaal von Tschetinjowa.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Elena Chochkova · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Elena Chochkova, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Freestanding stone columns at Horizont. The wooden protective building is modern. These are not the half-columns in Chetinyova’s round hall. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Elena Chochkova, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Freestanding stone columns at Horizont. The wooden protective building is modern. These are not the half-columns in Chetinyova’s round hall. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Starosel_E1.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-remains-480.04dc6406.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-remains-960.04dc6406.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-remains-1600.04dc6406.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#6e5340","h":1067,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-remains-960.04dc6406.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-horizont-remains-960.04dc6406.webp","id":"asset.sta.horizont-remains","alt":"Säulen und Mauerwerk des eigenen Hügels Horizont unter einem modernen Holzdach. Das Foto belegt nicht die ursprüngliche Höhe des gesamten Gebäudes.","objectCaption":"Säulen und Mauerwerk des eigenen Hügels Horizont unter einem modernen Holzdach. Das Foto belegt nicht die ursprüngliche Höhe des gesamten Gebäudes.","caption":"Säulen und Mauerwerk des eigenen Hügels Horizont unter einem modernen Holzdach. Das Foto belegt nicht die ursprüngliche Höhe des gesamten Gebäudes.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Columns and masonry at the separate Horizont mound beneath a modern timber shelter. The photograph does not establish the original height of the entire building. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Columns and masonry at the separate Horizont mound beneath a modern timber shelter. The photograph does not establish the original height of the entire building. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Horizont_tumulus_02.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-egg-dart-480.23bd6285.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-egg-dart-960.23bd6285.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-egg-dart-1600.23bd6285.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#947546","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-egg-dart-960.23bd6285.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-egg-dart-960.23bd6285.webp","id":"asset.sta.egg-dart","alt":"Eine Reihe eiförmiger Formen am steinernen Rahmen einer Öffnung bei Tschetinjowa. Sie schmückt den Rahmen, kein Türblatt.","objectCaption":"Eine Reihe eiförmiger Formen am steinernen Rahmen einer Öffnung bei Tschetinjowa. Sie schmückt den Rahmen, kein Türblatt.","caption":"Eine Reihe eiförmiger Formen am steinernen Rahmen einer Öffnung bei Tschetinjowa. Sie schmückt den Rahmen, kein Türblatt.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Shannon E. Wells · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Shannon E. Wells, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. A row of egg-shaped forms on a stone doorway frame at Chetinyova. This decorates a frame, not a door leaf. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Shannon E. Wells, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. A row of egg-shaped forms on a stone doorway frame at Chetinyova. This decorates a frame, not a door leaf. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Egg_and_Dart_pattern_on_doorway_of_Thracian_temple_in_Starosel,_Plovdiv,_Bulgaria.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-480.ce6b05eb.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-960.ce6b05eb.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-1600.ce6b05eb.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#654f40","h":1067,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-960.ce6b05eb.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-sta-side-stair-960.ce6b05eb.webp","id":"asset.sta.side-stair","alt":"Teil der seitlichen Treppen bei Tschetinjowa unter einem modernen Schutzdach. Nach den Ausgrabungen wurden Stufen neu angeordnet und hinzugefügt; ihre antike Funktion ist umstritten. Dies ist nicht die Haupttreppe mit neun Stufen.","objectCaption":"Teil der seitlichen Treppen bei Tschetinjowa unter einem modernen Schutzdach. Nach den Ausgrabungen wurden Stufen neu angeordnet und hinzugefügt; ihre antike Funktion ist umstritten. Dies ist nicht die Haupttreppe mit neun Stufen.","caption":"Teil der seitlichen Treppen bei Tschetinjowa unter einem modernen Schutzdach. Nach den Ausgrabungen wurden Stufen neu angeordnet und hinzugefügt; ihre antike Funktion ist umstritten. Dies ist nicht die Haupttreppe mit neun Stufen.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Vladislav Nedelev · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Part of the side stairs at Chetinyova under a modern shelter. Steps were rearranged or added after excavation; their ancient function is debated. This is not the main flight of nine steps. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vladislav Nedelev, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Part of the side stairs at Chetinyova under a modern shelter. Steps were rearranged or added after excavation; their ancient function is debated. This is not the main flight of nine steps. 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