{"version":2,"locale":"de","id":"story.tsarevets-1393","hasFind":true,"slug":"tsarevets-1393","url":"/de/stories/tsarevets-1393/","topic":"Zarewez, Tarnowo","title":"Wie fiel die Hauptstadt 1393?","summary":"Vom Palast aus regiert der Zar den Staat. Der Patriarch, das Oberhaupt der bulgarischen Kirche, leitet das kirchliche Leben. Dann folgen der Gefangene Balduin, die osmanische Belagerung und die Verbannung Euthymios’. Wie unterscheiden wir Überreste, Rekonstruktionen und Überlieferungen?","cover":{"title":"Wie fiel die Hauptstadt 1393?","subtitle":"Der Palast und die Belagerung von Tarnowo","hook":"Was geschieht hinter diesen Mauern?","summary":"Vom Palast aus regiert der Zar den Staat. Der Patriarch, das Oberhaupt der bulgarischen Kirche, leitet das kirchliche Leben. Dann folgen der Gefangene Balduin, die osmanische Belagerung und die Verbannung Euthymios’. Wie unterscheiden wir Überreste, Rekonstruktionen und Überlieferungen?","takeaway":"Zarewez war ein Zentrum staatlicher und kirchlicher Macht. Sein Fall ist durch unterschiedliche Zeugnisse bekannt; Rekonstruktion und Legende ersetzen keine Beweise."},"sortYear":1393,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.tsardom2","styleId":"tsardom2","sortOrder":3,"title":"Zweites Bulgarisches Reich","dateLabel":"1185–1396","eraShort":"II. Bulgar. Reich","slug":"tsardom2","fill":"#86554A","ink":"#F6EEEA","raised":"#754A41","dark":"#805B59"},"epochId":"epoch.tsardom2","placeShort":"Tarnowo","date":"1393","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-cutout-480.09402835.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-cutout-960.09402835.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-cutout-1112.09402835.avif","w":1112}],"dominant":"#7c6453","h":1268,"w":1112,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-cutout-960.09402835.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-cutout-960.09402835.webp","id":"asset.tsa.cathedral-cutout","alt":"Freigestelltes Foto der 1981 rekonstruierten Kirche; kein erhaltenes mittelalterliches Gebäude.","objectCaption":"Wiederaufgebaute Kirche","caption":"Die 1981 wiederaufgebaute Patriarchenkirche Christi Himmelfahrt. Das Foto zeigt einen Wiederaufbau, kein unversehrtes mittelalterliches Gebäude.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The patriarchal Church of the Ascension, reconstructed in 1981. The photograph shows a reconstruction, not an intact medieval building. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The patriarchal Church of the Ascension, reconstructed in 1981. The photograph shows a reconstruction, not an intact medieval building. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patriarchal_Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Ascension_of_God_Veliko_Tarnovo_Klearchos_1.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"tsarevets-1393.s1-capital","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Der Palast auf dem Zarewez","body":"Ende des zwölften Jahrhunderts wurde Tarnowo Hauptstadt des wiederhergestellten bulgarischen Zarenreichs. Ein Zarenreich ist ein Staat, der von einem Zaren regiert wird. Mehr als zwei Jahrhunderte lang wurden hier Fragen der Herrschaft und der Kirche entschieden. Doch die Hauptstadt bestand nicht nur aus einer Burg. Sie umfasste mehrere Hügel und Stadtviertel entlang des Flusses Jantra.\n\nAuf dem Zarewez standen der Palast und die Gebäude des Kirchenoberhaupts. Auch Wohnhäuser gab es auf dem Hügel. Die hohen Mauern auf dem Foto enthalten rekonstruierte Teile. Was umschlossen sie?","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-panorama-480.b7570940.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-panorama-960.b7570940.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-panorama-1600.b7570940.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#929e97","h":456,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-panorama-960.b7570940.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-tsa-panorama-960.b7570940.webp","id":"asset.tsa.panorama","alt":"Ein grüner Hügel mit Festungsmauern und einer Kirche auf dem Gipfel.","objectCaption":"Gesamtansicht des Hügels; die sichtbaren hohen Mauern und die Kirche sind teilweise wiederaufgebaut.","caption":"Gesamtansicht des Hügels; die sichtbaren hohen Mauern und die Kirche sind teilweise wiederaufgebaut.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"www.vacacionesbulgaria.com · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: www.vacacionesbulgaria.com, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Overview of the hill; the visible tall walls and church include reconstructions. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"www.vacacionesbulgaria.com, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Overview of the hill; the visible tall walls and church include reconstructions. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tsarevets-Panorama.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":28.633541666666666,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.tsarevets-1393.tsarevets-1393.s1-capital","duration":28.757,"src":"/audio/de/tsarevets-1393/s1-capital.3f21bbb1.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.museum"},{"id":"src.tsa.rabovyanov2020"},{"id":"src.tsa.photo.panorama"},{"id":"src.tsa.restoration"}]},{"id":"tsarevets-1393.s2-hill","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Ein Fluss unter den Mauern","body":"Die Jantra schlängelt sich unter den steilen Hängen des Zarewez. Nach Angaben des Museums trug diese geschützte Lage dazu bei, dass der Hügel zum Regierungszentrum wurde. Uneinnehmbar machte sie die Festung jedoch nicht.\n\nDer Zarenpalast besaß eine eigene Mauer und Türme. Im Inneren gab es einen Saal mit dem Thron des Zaren, Wohnräume und Kanzleien. In den Kanzleien bereiteten Beamte staatliche Dokumente vor. Höher gelegen waren die Gebäude des Patriarchen, des Oberhaupts der bulgarischen Kirche.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-river-480.c4e5fe95.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-river-960.c4e5fe95.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-river-1063.c4e5fe95.avif","w":1063}],"dominant":"#808279","h":1600,"w":1063,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-river-960.c4e5fe95.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-tsa-river-960.c4e5fe95.webp","id":"asset.tsa.river","alt":"Ein Fluss unter einem steilen grünen Hang; darüber liegen eine Brücke und Festungsmauern.","objectCaption":"Eine heutige Aufnahme der Jantra unterhalb des Zarewez. Die Brücke und die wiederaufgebauten Mauern zeigen nicht das Erscheinungsbild von 1393.","caption":"Eine heutige Aufnahme der Jantra unterhalb des Zarewez. Die Brücke und die wiederaufgebauten Mauern zeigen nicht das Erscheinungsbild von 1393.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Андрей Романенко · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Андрей Романенко, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Present-day photograph of the Yantra below Tsarevets. The bridge and reconstructed masonry do not show the appearance in 1393. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Андрей Романенко, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Present-day photograph of the Yantra below Tsarevets. The bridge and reconstructed masonry do not show the appearance in 1393. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tsarevets_Veliko_Tarnovo_02.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Der Hügel mit dem Palast und den Gebäuden des Patriarchen, des Oberhaupts der bulgarischen Kirche.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.tsa.tsarevets","name":"Zarewez, Tarnowo","latitude":43.0833,"longitude":25.6528,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1000,"sourceIds":["src.tsa.coords.q512147","src.tsa.museum"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/de/places/tsarevets/","slug":"tsa.tsarevets","url":"/de/map/#tsa.tsarevets"},{"note":"Ein wiederaufgebauter Turm. Eine alte Erzählung verbindet ihn mit dem gefangenen Balduin; der Ort des Gefängnisses ist nicht belegt.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.tsa.baldwin-tower","name":"Balduinsturm","latitude":43.08083333,"longitude":25.65305556,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":50,"sourceIds":["src.tsa.coords.q4850503","src.tsa.tower-tradition","src.tsa.undzhiyan2022"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"tsa.baldwin-tower","url":"/de/map/#tsa.baldwin-tower"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-1536.8876519a.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-2048.4c826249.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-3072.8876519a.avif","w":3072}]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief-dark@3x.jpg?v=0941a59d06","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-1024.73ab39a9.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-1536.4f3ca147.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-2048.73ab39a9.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-3072.4f3ca147.avif","w":3072}]},"places":[{"note":"Der Hügel mit dem Palast und den Gebäuden des Patriarchen, des Oberhaupts der bulgarischen Kirche.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.tsa.tsarevets","name":"Zarewez, Tarnowo","latitude":43.0833,"longitude":25.6528,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1000,"sourceIds":["src.tsa.coords.q512147","src.tsa.museum"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/de/places/tsarevets/","slug":"tsa.tsarevets","url":"/de/map/#tsa.tsarevets","number":1,"x":51.91,"y":40.65217,"inside":true,"viewX":49.99802425806452,"viewY":49.958151216129025},{"note":"Ein wiederaufgebauter Turm. Eine alte Erzählung verbindet ihn mit dem gefangenen Balduin; der Ort des Gefängnisses ist nicht 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beim Patriarchen","body":"Der Patriarch ist das Oberhaupt der bulgarischen Kirche. Sein Komplex, eine Gruppe zusammengehöriger Gebäude, hatte eine Bibliothek und ein Skriptorium. Im Skriptorium wurden Bücher von Hand abgeschrieben.\n\nIn der Mitte des Hofes stand die Kirche Christi Himmelfahrt. Wir sehen die rekonstruierte Kirche. Das Foto allein kann nicht zeigen, welche Bücher sich in der Bibliothek befanden.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-480.56bcc16e.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-960.56bcc16e.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-1600.56bcc16e.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-2400.56bcc16e.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#818184","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-960.56bcc16e.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-tsa-cathedral-960.56bcc16e.webp","id":"asset.tsa.cathedral","alt":"Eine wiederaufgebaute Kirche mit Kuppel und hohem Glockenturm rechts.","objectCaption":"Wiederaufgebaute Kirche","caption":"Die 1981 wiederaufgebaute Patriarchenkirche Christi Himmelfahrt. Das Foto zeigt einen Wiederaufbau, kein unversehrtes mittelalterliches Gebäude.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The patriarchal Church of the Ascension, reconstructed in 1981. The photograph shows a reconstruction, not an intact medieval building. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The patriarchal Church of the Ascension, reconstructed in 1981. The photograph shows a reconstruction, not an intact medieval building. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patriarchal_Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Ascension_of_God_Veliko_Tarnovo_Klearchos_1.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-tower","x":0.594,"y":0.439,"title":"Glockenturm","body":"Der hohe Glockenturm ist Teil der 1981 wiederaufgebauten Kirche.","sourceIds":["src.tsa.museum","src.tsa.restoration","src.tsa.photo.cathedral"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-dome","x":0.491,"y":0.414,"title":"Kuppel","body":"Eine Kuppel ist ein gewölbtes Dach über einem Teil der Kirche. Hier sehen wir die wiederaufgebaute Kirche.","sourceIds":["src.tsa.restoration","src.tsa.photo.cathedral"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":19.229458333333334,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.tsarevets-1393.tsarevets-1393.s3-patriarch","duration":19.328,"src":"/audio/de/tsarevets-1393/s3-patriarch.af616741.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.museum"},{"id":"src.tsa.restoration"},{"id":"src.tsa.ascension2011"},{"id":"src.tsa.photo.cathedral"}]},{"id":"tsarevets-1393.s4-baldwin","number":4,"kind":"artifact","title":"Balduin: der Gefangene und der Turm","body":"Der Turm trägt den Namen Balduins von Flandern. Er war lateinischer Kaiser und herrschte über einen Staat, den Krieger aus Westeuropa in Konstantinopel gegründet hatten. 1205 nahmen ihn die Truppen Zar Kalojans in der Schlacht bei Adrianopel gefangen.\n\nEine alte Erzählung, eine Überlieferung, verortet sein Gefängnis in diesem Turm. Dass es genau hier lag, ist nicht bewiesen. Einer veröffentlichten Beschreibung zufolge wurde der Turm in den 1930er Jahren rekonstruiert. Als Vorbild diente der Turm in Tscherwen.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-baldwin-480.0cae2ff5.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-baldwin-960.0cae2ff5.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-baldwin-1600.0cae2ff5.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#6e6f70","h":2400,"w":1800,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-tsa-baldwin-960.0cae2ff5.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-tsa-baldwin-960.0cae2ff5.webp","id":"asset.tsa.baldwin","alt":"Ein wiederaufgebauter Steinturm mit Zinnen und einer dunklen Öffnung hoch in der Mauer.","objectCaption":"Einer veröffentlichten Beschreibung zufolge wurde der Balduinsturm in den 1930er-Jahren nach dem Vorbild des Turms von Tscherwen wiederaufgebaut. Die Überlieferung belegt den Ort des Gefängnisses nicht.","caption":"Einer veröffentlichten Beschreibung zufolge wurde der Balduinsturm in den 1930er-Jahren nach dem Vorbild des Turms von Tscherwen wiederaufgebaut. Die Überlieferung belegt den Ort des Gefängnisses nicht.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Kandi · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Kandi, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. According to a published description, Baldwin’s Tower was reconstructed in the 1930s, modelled on Cherven’s tower. The tradition does not establish the prison location. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Kandi, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. According to a published description, Baldwin’s Tower was reconstructed in the 1930s, modelled on Cherven’s tower. The tradition does not establish the prison location. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baldwin%27s_Tower.JPG","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-crenels","x":0.521,"y":0.132,"title":"Zinnen des Turms","body":"Zinnen sind die erhöhten Teile am oberen Rand einer Mauer. Hier sehen wir den wiederaufgebauten Turm.","sourceIds":["src.tsa.undzhiyan2022","src.tsa.photo.baldwin"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-opening","x":0.46,"y":0.357,"title":"Öffnung in der Mauer","body":"Die sichtbare Öffnung belegt nicht, wo Balduin gefangen gehalten wurde. Der Ort des Gefängnisses bleibt Gegenstand einer Überlieferung.","sourceIds":["src.tsa.tower-tradition","src.tsa.photo.baldwin"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":27.70475,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.tsarevets-1393.tsarevets-1393.s4-baldwin","duration":27.819,"src":"/audio/de/tsarevets-1393/s4-baldwin.fbf18c58.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.villehardouin1908"},{"id":"src.tsa.tower-tradition"},{"id":"src.tsa.undzhiyan2022"},{"id":"src.tsa.photo.baldwin"}]},{"id":"tsarevets-1393.a1-prison","number":5,"kind":"activity","title":"Balduin und sein Turm","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.tsa.prison","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Was wissen wir über Balduins Gefängnis?","sourceIds":["src.tsa.tower-tradition","src.tsa.villehardouin1908","src.tsa.undzhiyan2022"],"items":[{"id":"o-tradition","label":"Eine Überlieferung verbindet es mit diesem Turm."},{"id":"o-photo","label":"Balduins Zimmer lässt sich auf dem Foto bestimmen.","whyWrong":"Das Foto zeigt eine Rekonstruktion, kein Dokument über den Gefangenen."},{"id":"o-kaloyan","label":"Kalojan war der Gefangene darin.","whyWrong":"Kalojans Truppen nehmen Balduin gefangen."}],"explanation":"Auch ein lateinischer Autor beschreibt die Gefangennahme im Jahr 1205. 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Sie belegt nicht, wo die osmanischen Truppen eindrangen.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Kandi · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Photo: Kandi, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain. Present-day photograph of the reconstructed gate. It does not establish where Ottoman forces entered. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Kandi, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain. Present-day photograph of the reconstructed gate. It does not establish where Ottoman forces entered. 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Der veröffentlichten Beschreibung zufolge wurde der Turm in den 1930er Jahren rekonstruiert. Die Kirche wurde 1981, nach dem Turm, rekonstruiert.","correctOrderIds":["ev-baldwin","ev-fall","ev-tower","ev-church"],"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.villehardouin1908"},{"id":"src.tsa.stamboliyska2020"},{"id":"src.tsa.undzhiyan2022"},{"id":"src.tsa.restoration"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.4979583333333335,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.tsarevets-1393.tsarevets-1393.a2-timeline","duration":3.627,"src":"/audio/de/tsarevets-1393/a2-timeline.b00685f4.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.villehardouin1908"},{"id":"src.tsa.stamboliyska2020"},{"id":"src.tsa.undzhiyan2022"},{"id":"src.tsa.restoration"}]},{"id":"tsarevets-1393.s6-euthymius","number":8,"kind":"narrative","title":"Euthymios verlässt Tarnowo","body":"Euthymios’ Schüler Grigorij Zamblak berichtet von der Tötung angesehener Einwohner Tarnowos. 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Das Foto zeigt nicht das Innere des Thronsaals.","caption":"Niedrige Mauern und wiederaufgebaute Teile der Palastanlage. Das Foto zeigt nicht das Innere des Thronsaals.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Pudelek (Marcin Szala) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Pudelek (Marcin Szala), Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Low walls and reconstructed parts of the palace complex. The photograph does not reproduce the inside of the hall with the throne. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Pudelek (Marcin Szala), Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Low walls and reconstructed parts of the palace complex. The photograph does not reproduce the inside of the hall with the throne. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Veliko_Tarnovo_(%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE)_-_Tsarevets_(Palace).JPG","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Der Hügel mit dem Palast und den Gebäuden des Patriarchen, des Oberhaupts der bulgarischen Kirche.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.tsa.tsarevets","name":"Zarewez, Tarnowo","latitude":43.0833,"longitude":25.6528,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1000,"sourceIds":["src.tsa.coords.q512147","src.tsa.museum"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/de/places/tsarevets/","slug":"tsa.tsarevets","url":"/de/map/#tsa.tsarevets"}],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":21.470166666666668,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.tsarevets-1393.tsarevets-1393.s6-euthymius","duration":21.589,"src":"/audio/de/tsarevets-1393/s6-euthymius.e539fa77.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.tsamblak"},{"id":"src.tsa.stankova"},{"id":"src.tsa.kiel2012"},{"id":"src.tsa.stamboliyska2020"},{"id":"src.tsa.museum"},{"id":"src.tsa.photo.palace"}]},{"id":"tsarevets-1393.a3-matching","number":9,"kind":"activity","title":"Wer arbeitet im Palast?","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.tsa.matching","kind":"matching","prompt":"Ordnen Sie jedem Ort seine Rolle in der Geschichte zu.","sourceIds":["src.tsa.museum","src.tsa.tower-tradition"],"items":[{"id":"m-palace","label":"Palast","pairedLabel":"Regierung des Staates"},{"id":"m-church","label":"Patriarchenkomplex","pairedLabel":"Leitung des kirchlichen Lebens"},{"id":"m-scriptorium","label":"Skriptorium","pairedLabel":"Abschreiben von Büchern"},{"id":"m-tower","label":"Balduinsturm","pairedLabel":"Überlieferung über einen Gefangenen"}],"explanation":"Der Zar regiert vom Palast aus, der Patriarch leitet das kirchliche Leben, und im Skriptorium werden Bücher abgeschrieben. Eine Überlieferung verbindet den Turm mit Balduin.","sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.museum"},{"id":"src.tsa.tower-tradition"}],"columns":["Ort","Beschreibung"]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.254125,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.tsarevets-1393.tsarevets-1393.a3-matching","duration":3.371,"src":"/audio/de/tsarevets-1393/a3-matching.04b82f64.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.tsa.museum"},{"id":"src.tsa.tower-tradition"}]}],"minutes":3,"sources":[{"year":2011,"url":"https://bg-patriarshia.bg/orthodox-thought/vaznesenie-gospodne","institutionOrAuthor":"Българска патриаршия – Българска православна църква","id":"src.tsa.ascension2011","authors":["Българска патриаршия – Българска православна църква"],"title":"ВЪЗНЕСЕНИЕ ГОСПОДНЕ","container":"Православна мисъл","pages":"unpaginated","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28","fieldLanguages":{"institutionOrAuthor":"bg","title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4850503","institutionOrAuthor":"Wikimedia contributors","id":"src.tsa.coords.q4850503","authors":["Wikimedia contributors"],"title":"Baldwin’s Tower","container":"Wikimedia geographic records","pages":"not applicable","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28"},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512147","institutionOrAuthor":"Wikimedia contributors","id":"src.tsa.coords.q512147","authors":["Wikimedia contributors"],"title":"Tsarevets","container":"Wikimedia geographic records","pages":"not applicable","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28"},{"year":2012,"url":"https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/tirnova--bulgaristan","institutionOrAuthor":"Machiel Kiel","id":"src.tsa.kiel2012","authors":["Machiel Kiel"],"title":"TIRNOVA","container":"TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi","pages":"118–122","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28","volume":"41"},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.museumvt.com/каталог/архитектурно---музеен-резерват--царевец-","institutionOrAuthor":"Регионален исторически музей – Велико Търново","id":"src.tsa.museum","authors":["Регионален исторически музей – Велико Търново"],"title":"Архитектурно – музеен резерват „Царевец“","container":"РИМ – Велико Търново","pages":"unpaginated","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28","fieldLanguages":{"institutionOrAuthor":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baldwin%27s_Tower.JPG","institutionOrAuthor":"Kandi","id":"src.tsa.photo.baldwin","authors":["Kandi"],"title":"File:Baldwin's Tower.JPG","container":"Wikimedia Commons","pages":"not applicable","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Patriarchal_Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Ascension_of_God_Veliko_Tarnovo_Klearchos_1.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece","id":"src.tsa.photo.cathedral","authors":["Klearchos Kapoutsis from Santorini, Greece"],"title":"File:Patriarchal Cathedral of the Holy Ascension of God Veliko Tarnovo Klearchos 1.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","pages":"not applicable","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28","license":"CC BY 2.0"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tsarevets_22.JPG","institutionOrAuthor":"Kandi","id":"src.tsa.photo.gate","authors":["Kandi"],"title":"File:Tsarevets 22.JPG","container":"Wikimedia Commons","pages":"not applicable","accessedOn":"2026-10-28","accessed":"2026-10-28","license":"Public domain"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Veliko_Tarnovo_(%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE)_-_Tsarevets_(Palace).JPG","institutionOrAuthor":"Pudelek (Marcin Szala)","id":"src.tsa.photo.palace","authors":["Pudelek (Marcin Szala)"],"title":"File:Veliko Tarnovo (Велико Търново) - 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