{"version":2,"locale":"de","id":"story.vidin-baba-vida","hasFind":true,"slug":"vidin-baba-vida","url":"/de/stories/vidin-baba-vida/","topic":"Festung Baba Wida","title":"Die Burg an der Donau","summary":"Baba Wida ist eine Burg in Widin, der Hauptstadt Iwan Srazimirs. Die Geschichte verbindet die Legende von Wida, die Gefangennahme des Zaren und spätere Umbauten.","cover":{"title":"Die Burg an der Donau","subtitle":"Widin, Srazimir und Baba Wida","hook":"Wie verändert sich die Burg in späterer Zeit?","summary":"Baba Wida ist eine Burg in Widin, der Hauptstadt Iwan Srazimirs. Die Geschichte verbindet die Legende von Wida, die Gefangennahme des Zaren und spätere Umbauten.","takeaway":"Die Burg bewahrt Spuren mehrerer Epochen; die Legende ihres Namens ist eine andere Art von Erzählung als ein historisches Zeugnis."},"sortYear":1356,"firstActivity":4,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.tsardom2","styleId":"tsardom2","sortOrder":3,"title":"Zweites Bulgarisches Reich","dateLabel":"1185–1396","eraShort":"II. Bulgar. Reich","slug":"tsardom2","fill":"#86554A","ink":"#F6EEEA","raised":"#754A41","dark":"#805B59"},"epochId":"epoch.tsardom2","placeShort":"Widin","date":"14. Jh.","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-cannon-cutout-480.d0d1d9ec.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-cannon-cutout-960.d0d1d9ec.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-cannon-cutout-1600.d0d1d9ec.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#72655d","h":450,"w":2344,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-cannon-cutout-960.d0d1d9ec.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vid-cannon-cutout-960.d0d1d9ec.webp","id":"asset.vid.cannon-cutout","alt":"Freigestelltes Detail; Hintergrund entfernt. Langes Metallrohr auf zwei steinernen Auflagen","objectCaption":"Geschützrohr","caption":"Ausgestelltes Geschützrohr. Datierung und Herkunft des Rohrs sind nicht geklärt.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"contain","credit":"WangHao · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WangHao, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WangHao, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Крепостта_Баба_Вида_-_оръдие.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"vidin-baba-vida.s1-name","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Die Legende von Wida","body":"Vor dir stehen die Steinmauern und Türme von Baba Wida. Nach Angaben des Museums gehört Baba Wida zu den am besten erhaltenen mittelalterlichen Festungen Bulgariens. Über den Namen der Burg wird eine Legende erzählt.\n\nWida soll die Tochter eines Bojaren, eines Adligen, gewesen sein. Ihre Schwestern Kula und Gamza führten unglückliche Ehen. Wida weigerte sich zu heiraten, baute die Burg und blieb dort. Das ist eine Überlieferung, keine belegte Lebensgeschichte.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-480.f9da29ec.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-960.f9da29ec.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-1600.f9da29ec.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-2400.f9da29ec.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#6f7a88","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-960.f9da29ec.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-960.f9da29ec.webp","id":"asset.vid.exterior","alt":"Baba Wida: Außenansicht","objectCaption":"Baba Wida: Außenansicht. Das Bauwerk heute mit späteren Umbauten und Restaurierungen.","caption":"Baba Wida: Außenansicht. Das Bauwerk heute mit späteren Umbauten und Restaurierungen.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Спасимир · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Спасимир, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Спасимир, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baba_Vida_Fortress.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":24.152083333333334,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.vidin-baba-vida.vidin-baba-vida.s1-name","duration":24.277,"src":"/audio/de/vidin-baba-vida/s1-name.fa3bad17.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.vid.museum"},{"id":"src.vid.tourism"},{"id":"src.vid.bts"},{"id":"src.vid.district"}]},{"id":"vidin-baba-vida.s2-capital","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Der Zar verliert Widin und gewinnt es zurück","body":"Suche auf der Karte Widin an der Donau. Hier lag die Hauptstadt des Zartums Widin, eines Staates, dessen Herrscher Zar genannt wurde. Nach dem hier verwendeten Lexikon erhielt Iwan Srazimir 1356 das Gebiet von Widin und den Zarentitel.\n\nSeine Herrschaft war jedoch unterbrochen. 1365 eroberte der ungarische König Widin und nahm Srazimir gefangen. 1369 regierte der Zar hier erneut. Weiter donauabwärts liegt Nikopol.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Ungefährer Orientierungspunkt; zeigt keine mittelalterlichen Grenzen.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vid.vidin","name":"Widin","latitude":43.98869,"longitude":22.874058,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":2000,"sourceIds":["src.vid.coords-vidin","src.bel.coords.vidin","src.nik.coords.vidin"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"vid.vidin","url":"/de/map/#vid.vidin"},{"note":"Ungefährer Orientierungspunkt; zeigt keine mittelalterlichen Grenzen.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vid.baba-vida","name":"Festung Baba Wida","latitude":43.993183,"longitude":22.886818,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.vid.coords-fortress"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/de/place/#baba-vida","slug":"vid.baba-vida","url":"/de/map/#vid.baba-vida"},{"note":"Ungefähre Markierung der Stadt; nicht der genaue Ort der Schlacht.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vid.nikopol","name":"Nikopol","latitude":43.698571,"longitude":24.892409,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":3000,"sourceIds":["src.vid.coords-nikopol","src.nik.coords.nikopol"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"vid.nikopol","url":"/de/map/#vid.nikopol"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-1536.8876519a.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-2048.4c826249.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-3072.8876519a.avif","w":3072}]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief-dark@3x.jpg?v=0941a59d06","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-1024.73ab39a9.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-1536.4f3ca147.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-2048.73ab39a9.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-3072.4f3ca147.avif","w":3072}]},"places":[{"note":"Ungefährer Orientierungspunkt; zeigt keine mittelalterlichen Grenzen.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vid.vidin","name":"Widin","latitude":43.98869,"longitude":22.874058,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":2000,"sourceIds":["src.vid.coords-vidin","src.bel.coords.vidin","src.nik.coords.vidin"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"vid.vidin","url":"/de/map/#vid.vidin","number":1,"x":17.17573,"y":16.50962,"inside":true,"viewX":21.275742967741937,"viewY":21.164267703225814},{"note":"Ungefährer Orientierungspunkt; zeigt keine mittelalterlichen Grenzen.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vid.baba-vida","name":"Festung Baba Wida","latitude":43.993183,"longitude":22.886818,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.vid.coords-fortress"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/de/place/#baba-vida","slug":"vid.baba-vida","url":"/de/map/#vid.baba-vida","number":2,"x":17.33523,"y":16.3889,"inside":true,"viewX":30.275742967741937,"viewY":27.164267703225814},{"note":"Ungefähre Markierung der Stadt; nicht der genaue Ort der Schlacht.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vid.nikopol","name":"Nikopol","latitude":43.698571,"longitude":24.892409,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":3000,"sourceIds":["src.vid.coords-nikopol","src.nik.coords.nikopol"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"vid.nikopol","url":"/de/map/#vid.nikopol","number":3,"x":42.40511,"y":24.28533,"inside":true,"viewX":52.52762012903226,"viewY":31.132226264516135}],"extent":[0,0,1,1],"orientation":[{"name":"Sofia","kind":"town","x":22.774,"y":50.826,"viewX":28.210374193548386,"viewY":65.15565290322583},{"name":"Plowdiw","kind":"town","x":40.566,"y":65.549,"viewX":50.24949677419356,"viewY":84.02958903225807},{"name":"Warna","kind":"town","x":80.184,"y":37.187,"viewX":99.32469677419355,"viewY":47.67133483870968},{"name":"Burgas","kind":"town","x":74.532,"y":55.892,"viewX":92.32350967741935,"viewY":71.64993806451615},{"name":"Russe","kind":"town","x":55.821,"y":20.617,"viewX":69.14601290322581,"viewY":26.42966387096775},{"name":"Weliko Tarnowo","kind":"town","x":51.465,"y":40.853,"viewX":63.7501935483871,"viewY":52.370910322580656},{"name":"Plewen","kind":"town","x":38.834,"y":31.796,"viewX":48.104051612903234,"viewY":40.7604206451613},{"name":"Stara Sagora","kind":"town","x":51.681,"y":57.962,"viewX":64.01775483870968,"viewY":74.30354451612905},{"name":"Schumen","kind":"town","x":67.951,"y":35.671,"viewX":84.17156129032259,"viewY":45.7279206451613},{"name":"Widin","kind":"town","x":17.099,"y":16.308,"viewX":21.18069677419355,"viewY":20.905803870967745},{"name":"Blagoewgrad","kind":"town","x":19.929,"y":68.531,"viewX":24.686245161290323,"viewY":87.85232064516131},{"name":"Chaskowo","kind":"town","x":50.694,"y":70.78,"viewX":62.79514838709679,"viewY":90.73539354838711},{"name":"Smoljan","kind":"town","x":40.014,"y":80.031,"viewX":49.56572903225807,"viewY":102.59457870967745},{"name":"Sliwen","kind":"town","x":60.286,"y":51.247,"viewX":74.67685161290323,"viewY":65.69534774193549},{"name":"Dobritsch","kind":"town","x":79.091,"y":27.65,"viewX":97.97078709677419,"viewY":35.445516129032264},{"name":"Pernik","kind":"town","x":19.223,"y":53.257,"viewX":23.811716129032256,"viewY":68.27203806451614},{"name":"Jambol","kind":"town","x":62.544,"y":56.432,"viewX":77.47385806451614,"viewY":72.34218322580647},{"name":"Pasardschik","kind":"town","x":35.42,"y":64.052,"viewX":43.87509677419355,"viewY":82.11053161290324},{"name":"Wraza","kind":"town","x":25.661,"y":37.29,"viewX":31.786529032258066,"viewY":47.8033741935484},{"name":"Gabrowo","kind":"town","x":47.734,"y":46.177,"viewX":59.12856774193549,"viewY":59.19593483870968},{"name":"Kardschali","kind":"town","x":48.471,"y":78.573,"viewX":60.04149677419355,"viewY":100.72551677419357},{"name":"Kjustendil","kind":"town","x":14.889,"y":61.673,"viewX":18.443148387096777,"viewY":79.06080709677421},{"name":"Montana","kind":"town","x":21.563,"y":31.916,"viewX":26.710296774193548,"viewY":40.914252903225815},{"name":"Lowetsch","kind":"town","x":40.178,"y":39.23,"viewX":49.76887741935484,"viewY":50.29032903225807},{"name":"Silistra","kind":"town","x":72.008,"y":13.056,"viewX":89.1970064516129,"viewY":16.736949677419354},{"name":"Targowischte","kind":"town","x":63.402,"y":36.202,"viewX":78.53667096774194,"viewY":46.40862838709678},{"name":"Rasgrad","kind":"town","x":62.709,"y":28.698,"viewX":77.67824516129032,"viewY":36.78898451612904},{"name":"Kasanlak","kind":"town","x":48.661,"y":52.884,"viewX":60.27685161290323,"viewY":67.79387612903227},{"name":"Donau","kind":"nature","x":46.384,"y":23.924,"viewX":57.45630967741936,"viewY":30.66902451612904},{"name":"Schwarzes Meer","kind":"nature","x":86.25,"y":45.496,"viewX":106.83870967741937,"viewY":58.322936774193565},{"name":"Balkangebirge","kind":"nature","x":41.25,"y":49.45,"viewX":51.09677419354839,"viewY":63.39170967741937},{"name":"Rila","kind":"nature","x":25.625,"y":65.69,"viewX":31.741935483870964,"viewY":84.21034193548388},{"name":"Pirin","kind":"nature","x":24.125,"y":75.565,"viewX":29.883870967741938,"viewY":96.86945483870969},{"name":"Rhodopen","kind":"nature","x":38.75,"y":79.447,"viewX":48.00000000000001,"viewY":101.84592838709679},{"name":"Strandscha","kind":"nature","x":76.25,"y":67.774,"viewX":94.45161290322581,"viewY":86.88189548387099}],"crop":{"sx":0.8072916666666666,"sy":0.7800704579768494,"x":0,"y":0},"credit":{"id":"map-relief"}},"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":26.0445,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.vidin-baba-vida.vidin-baba-vida.s2-capital","duration":26.155,"src":"/audio/de/vidin-baba-vida/s2-capital.23f6a308.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.vid.misic2013"},{"id":"src.vid.biliarsky2025"}]},{"id":"vidin-baba-vida.s3-defence","number":3,"kind":"artifact","title":"Der Graben und die neun Türme","body":"Eine Burg ist der befestigte Wohnsitz eines Herrschers. Baba Wida diente als Wohnsitz und zur Verteidigung. Ein tiefer Graben umgibt sie. Früher wurde er mit Donauwasser gefüllt. Eine bewegliche Holzbrücke führte zum Eingang.\n\nDie Burg hat zwei Reihen von Wehrmauern. Die ältere, innere Reihe besitzt neun Türme. Die Wohnräume lagen zum zentralen Hof hin.\n\nSieh dir das Foto an. Die heutige Brücke und die sichtbaren Mauern zeigen auch spätere Veränderungen. Wir sehen keine unveränderte Burg aus der Zeit des Zaren.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-480.f9da29ec.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-960.f9da29ec.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-1600.f9da29ec.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-2400.f9da29ec.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#6f7a88","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-960.f9da29ec.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vid-exterior-960.f9da29ec.webp","id":"asset.vid.exterior","alt":"Baba Wida: Außenansicht","objectCaption":"Baba Wida: Außenansicht. Das Bauwerk heute mit späteren Umbauten und Restaurierungen.","caption":"Baba Wida: Außenansicht. Das Bauwerk heute mit späteren Umbauten und Restaurierungen.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Спасимир · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Спасимир, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Спасимир, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baba_Vida_Fortress.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h.vid.entrance","x":0.824,"y":0.717,"title":"Der Eingang","body":"Auf dem Foto liegt der Eingang unten rechts. Einst schützte eine bewegliche Holzbrücke den Zugang. Die heutige Brücke ist nicht das mittelalterliche Original.","sourceIds":["src.vid.district","src.vid.photo.exterior"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h.vid.outer-wall","x":0.485,"y":0.689,"title":"Äußerer Mauerring","body":"Die niedrigere Mauer liegt vor den höheren Teilen der Burg. Die Quelle beschreibt den äußeren Mauerring als jünger als den inneren. Einzelne Steine lassen sich anhand des Fotos nicht datieren.","sourceIds":["src.vid.district","src.vid.photo.exterior"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h.vid.tower","x":0.845,"y":0.423,"title":"Turm","body":"Der Turm erhebt sich über dem Eingang. Das Foto allein verrät nicht, wer ihn erbaut hat.","sourceIds":["src.vid.photo.exterior"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":25.905208333333334,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.vidin-baba-vida.vidin-baba-vida.s3-defence","duration":26.027,"src":"/audio/de/vidin-baba-vida/s3-defence.a205b26a.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.vid.district"},{"id":"src.vid.bts"},{"id":"src.vid.photo.exterior"}]},{"id":"vidin-baba-vida.a1-defence","number":4,"kind":"activity","title":"Aufgabe: zwei Funktionen","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.vid.roles","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Welche zwei Funktionen hatte Baba Wida?","sourceIds":["src.vid.bts","src.vid.district"],"items":[{"id":"opt-home-defence","label":"Wohnsitz des Herrschers und Verteidigung"},{"id":"opt-only-museum","label":"Museum und Ausstellungsraum von Anfang an","whyWrong":"Besuche begannen viel später."},{"id":"opt-only-bridge","label":"Nur eine Brücke über die Donau","whyWrong":"Die Brücke führt zum Burgeingang; sie ist nicht die ganze Burg und überquert nicht die Donau."}],"explanation":"Die Burg verband einen befestigten Wohnsitz mit Verteidigung. Graben, Brücke und Mauern erschwerten den Zugang.","correctItemId":"opt-home-defence","sources":[{"id":"src.vid.bts"},{"id":"src.vid.district"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":2.7316666666666665,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"de_DE-thorsten-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.de.vidin-baba-vida.vidin-baba-vida.a1-defence","duration":2.859,"src":"/audio/de/vidin-baba-vida/a1-defence.5796c39d.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.vid.bts"},{"id":"src.vid.district"}]},{"id":"vidin-baba-vida.s4-nicopolis","number":5,"kind":"narrative","title":"Die Niederlage bei Nikopol","body":"1396 rückte ein Kreuzfahrerheer entlang der Donau vor. Es war ein christliches Heer, das gegen das Osmanische Reich gezogen war. Am 25. September wurde das Kreuzfahrerheer bei Nikopol besiegt.\n\nDer traditionellen Darstellung zufolge eroberte der osmanische Herrscher Bayezid nach dieser Schlacht Widin und nahm Srazimir gefangen. Einer anderen Annahme zufolge bestand die Zarenherrschaft unter Srazimirs Sohn Konstantin bis 1422 fort. Daher können wir Srazimir nicht ohne Einschränkung den letzten Zaren nennen.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-walls-480.300be2e9.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-walls-960.300be2e9.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vid-walls-1600.300be2e9.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#78828a","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vid-walls-960.300be2e9.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vid-walls-960.300be2e9.webp","id":"asset.vid.walls","alt":"Außenmauern und Türme","objectCaption":"Außenmauern und Türme. Das Bauwerk heute mit späteren Umbauten und Restaurierungen.","caption":"Außenmauern und Türme. Das Bauwerk heute mit späteren Umbauten und Restaurierungen.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Abbildungen","source":"Quelle öffnen","full":"Vollständige Bildangabe"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Elena Chochkova · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Elena Chochkova, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Elena Chochkova, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified. 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