{"version":2,"locale":"el","id":"story.banya-bashi-sofia","hasFind":true,"slug":"banya-bashi-sofia","url":"/el/stories/banya-bashi-sofia/","topic":"Μπάνια Μπασί","title":"Ζεστό νερό δίπλα στο τζαμί","summary":"Ένα τζαμί, παλιά λουτρά και γειτονικοί ναοί μιλούν για διαφορετικούς αιώνες της ζωής της Σόφιας.","cover":{"title":"Ζεστό νερό δίπλα στο τζαμί","subtitle":"Το Μπάνια Μπάσι και οι δρόμοι γύρω του που αλλάζουν","hook":"Γιατί υπάρχει ζεστό νερό δίπλα στο τζαμί;","summary":"Ένα τζαμί, παλιά λουτρά και γειτονικοί ναοί μιλούν για διαφορετικούς αιώνες της ζωής της Σόφιας.","takeaway":"Τα γειτονικά κτίρια προέρχονται από διαφορετικές εποχές και έχουν διαφορετικές χρήσεις."},"sortYear":1567,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.ottoman","styleId":"ottoman","sortOrder":2,"title":"Οθωμανική περίοδος","dateLabel":"1396–1878","eraShort":"Οθωμανική περίοδος","slug":"ottoman","fill":"#9A7B66","ink":"#221616","raised":"#A98F7D","dark":"#6D5F55"},"epochId":"epoch.ottoman","placeShort":"Σόφια","date":"1566–1567","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-minaret-cutout-461.8ce67bf6.avif","w":461}],"dominant":"#967461","h":1363,"w":461,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-minaret-cutout-461.8ce67bf6.webp","w":461}],"src":"/media/asset-bbs-minaret-cutout-461.8ce67bf6.webp","id":"asset.bbs.minaret-cutout","alt":"Αποκομμένη λεπτομέρεια· το φόντο αφαιρέθηκε. Το πάνω μέρος του μιναρέ: πύργος, ανοιχτόχρωμος εξώστης και μυτερή στέγη. Το κάτω μέρος είναι εκτός κάδρου.","objectCaption":"Κορυφή μιναρέ","caption":"Το πάνω μέρος του μιναρέ: πύργος, ανοιχτόχρωμος εξώστης και μυτερή στέγη. Το κάτω μέρος είναι εκτός κάδρου.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"© Plamen Agov • studiolemontree.com · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: © Plamen Agov • studiolemontree.com; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"© Plamen Agov • studiolemontree.com; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Banya_Bashi_Mosque_Minaret_-_Sofia.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"banya-bashi-sofia.s1-water-and-roofs","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Ο πύργος και οι γειτονικοί ναοί","body":"Η φωτογραφία δείχνει τον μιναρέ του Μπάνια Μπάσι. Ο μιναρές είναι ο πύργος ενός τζαμιού, ενός μουσουλμανικού χώρου προσευχής. Κοντά βρίσκονται η συναγωγή, όπου προσεύχονται οι Εβραίοι, και η εκκλησία της Αγίας Κυριακής. Εδώ βρίσκεται και ο καθεδρικός ναός του Αγίου Ιωσήφ. Καθεδρικός είναι ο κύριος ναός ενός επισκόπου. Ο επίσκοπος καθοδηγεί τις εκκλησίες μιας περιοχής. Η Αγία Κυριακή είναι ορθόδοξη και ο Άγιος Ιωσήφ καθολικός. Οι ορθόδοξοι και οι καθολικοί είναι δύο χριστιανικές κοινότητες. Ανάμεσα στα κτίρια υπάρχουν δρόμοι. Δίπλα στα πρώην Κεντρικά Λουτρά υπάρχει ζεστό ιαματικό νερό.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-480.f9015967.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-960.f9015967.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-1600.f9015967.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-2400.f9015967.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#7b8186","h":1666,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-960.f9015967.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-960.f9015967.webp","id":"asset.bbs.mosque-wide","alt":"Το τζαμί με τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα, ανάμεσα σε σύγχρονους δρόμους.","objectCaption":"Το τζαμί με τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα, ανάμεσα σε σύγχρονους δρόμους.","caption":"Το τζαμί με τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα, ανάμεσα σε σύγχρονους δρόμους.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Pudelek (Marcin Szala) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Pudelek (Marcin Szala); Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. 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Σύμφωνα με τη Γενική Μουφτεία, μουσουλμανικό θρησκευτικό ίδρυμα, το τζαμί χτίστηκε γύρω στο 1566–1567. Στη φωτογραφία δείτε τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-480.f9015967.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-960.f9015967.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-1600.f9015967.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-2400.f9015967.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#7b8186","h":1666,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-960.f9015967.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-wide-960.f9015967.webp","id":"asset.bbs.mosque-wide","alt":"Το τζαμί με τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα, ανάμεσα σε σύγχρονους δρόμους.","objectCaption":"Το τζαμί με τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα, ανάμεσα σε σύγχρονους δρόμους.","caption":"Το τζαμί με τον τρούλο, τον μιναρέ και τους τοίχους από πέτρα και τούβλα, ανάμεσα σε σύγχρονους δρόμους.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Pudelek (Marcin Szala) · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Pudelek (Marcin Szala); Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. 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Στη φωτογραφία διακρίνεται ένας ανοιχτόχρωμος εξώστης.","sourceIds":["src.bbs.mosque","src.bbs.photo.mosque-wide"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h.bbs.masonry","x":0.43,"y":0.64,"title":"Πέτρα και τούβλα","body":"Σειρές από τούβλα και ανοιχτόχρωμες πέτρες στον τοίχο του τζαμιού.","sourceIds":["src.bbs.mosque","src.bbs.photo.mosque-wide"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":19.036,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.banya-bashi-sofia.banya-bashi-sofia.s2-brick-and-dome","duration":19.157,"src":"/audio/el/banya-bashi-sofia/s2-brick-and-dome.c73a25b4.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.bbs.mosque"},{"id":"src.bbs.mufti2014"}]},{"id":"banya-bashi-sofia.s3-more-than-one-bath","number":3,"kind":"narrative","title":"Δύο είδη λουτρών","body":"Το ζεστό νερό είναι χρήσιμο για το λουτρό, αλλά δεν λειτουργούσαν όλα τα παλιά λουτρά με τον ίδιο τρόπο. Το χαμάμ είναι δημόσιο λουτρό με νερό που θερμαίνεται τεχνητά. Το ιαματικό λουτρό χρησιμοποιεί νερό που έρχεται ζεστό από τη γη. Στην οθωμανική Σόφια υπήρχαν αρκετά ιαματικά λουτρά.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-480.77a8a257.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-960.77a8a257.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-1600.77a8a257.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#b9a998","h":1207,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-960.77a8a257.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bbs-mosque-960.77a8a257.webp","id":"asset.bbs.mosque","alt":"Η αρχειακή φωτογραφία δείχνει το τζαμί στα τέλη του 19ου αιώνα, όχι τα σημερινά Κεντρικά Λουτρά.","objectCaption":"Η αρχειακή φωτογραφία δείχνει το τζαμί στα τέλη του 19ου αιώνα, όχι τα σημερινά Κεντρικά Λουτρά.","caption":"Η αρχειακή φωτογραφία δείχνει το τζαμί στα τέλη του 19ου αιώνα, όχι τα σημερινά Κεντρικά Λουτρά.","kindLabel":"Αρχείο","kind":"archive","visibleKind":"Αρχείο","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Άγνωστος φωτογράφος · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons / Swedish National Heritage Board","license":"CC0","attribution":"Photo: Unknown photographer; Wikimedia Commons / Swedish National Heritage Board; CC0. 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Η ιστορία του νερού αφορά περισσότερες από μία κοινότητες. Αυτό δεν σημαίνει ότι όλοι λούζονταν μαζί. Κατά τη γνώμη μας, οι κοντινοί ναοί δεν αποδεικνύουν ότι οι άνθρωποι ζούσαν πάντοτε αρμονικά.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-interior-480.a58a8d4c.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-interior-960.a58a8d4c.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-interior-1209.a58a8d4c.avif","w":1209}],"dominant":"#76726f","h":1600,"w":1209,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bbs-interior-960.a58a8d4c.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bbs-interior-960.a58a8d4c.webp","id":"asset.bbs.interior","alt":"Σύνθετη πανοραμική φωτογραφία της αίθουσας προσευχής, 2012. Διακρίνονται ο τρούλος, παράθυρα και ένας πολυέλαιος.","objectCaption":"Σύνθετη πανοραμική φωτογραφία της αίθουσας προσευχής, 2012. Διακρίνονται ο τρούλος, παράθυρα και ένας πολυέλαιος.","caption":"Σύνθετη πανοραμική φωτογραφία της αίθουσας προσευχής, 2012. Διακρίνονται ο τρούλος, παράθυρα και ένας πολυέλαιος.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Javier Sánchez Portero · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Javier Sánchez Portero; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Javier Sánchez Portero; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. 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Στη διάκριση που χρησιμοποιούμε εδώ, το νερό του χαμάμ θερμαίνεται τεχνητά.","correctItemId":"opt-natural","sources":[{"id":"src.bbs.peychev2024"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.452,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.banya-bashi-sofia.banya-bashi-sofia.a1-water","duration":3.541,"src":"/audio/el/banya-bashi-sofia/a1-water.f2a12458.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.bbs.peychev2024"}]},{"id":"banya-bashi-sofia.s5-different-dates","number":6,"kind":"map","title":"Τρία κτίρια, τρεις χρονολογίες","body":"Στον χάρτη τα κτίρια είναι κοντά, αλλά προέρχονται από διαφορετικές εποχές. Ο νέος ναός της Αγίας Κυριακής εγκαινιάστηκε το 1867. Τα εγκαίνια είναι η εκκλησιαστική τελετή με την οποία ανοίγει ένας ναός. Ακολούθησαν κι άλλες μετατροπές, γι’ αυτό η σημερινή του μορφή δεν είναι εκείνη του 16ου αιώνα. Η εβραϊκή κοινότητα συγκέντρωσε δωρεές για μια νέα συναγωγή. Αυτή άνοιξε το 1909. Το 1913 άνοιξαν τα μεγάλα Κεντρικά Ιαματικά Λουτρά. Ήταν ένα νέο δημόσιο λουτρό, όχι το διατηρημένο οθωμανικό κτίσμα.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Σύγχρονη τοποθεσία· δεν υποδηλώνει ιστορικά σύνορα.","precision":"exact","id":"place.bbs.mosque","name":"Μπάνια Μπασί","latitude":42.699512,"longitude":23.322531,"accuracy":"verified_point","radiusMeters":30,"sourceIds":["src.bbs.mosque"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/place/#banya-bashi-mosque","slug":"bbs.mosque","url":"/el/map/#bbs.mosque"},{"note":"Σύγχρονη τοποθεσία· δεν υποδηλώνει ιστορικά σύνορα.","precision":"exact","id":"place.bbs.synagogue","name":"Συναγωγή της Σόφιας","latitude":42.700261,"longitude":23.320852,"accuracy":"verified_point","radiusMeters":30,"sourceIds":["src.bbs.synagogue-location"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/places/central-synagogue-of-sofia/","slug":"bbs.synagogue","url":"/el/map/#bbs.synagogue"},{"note":"Σύγχρονη τοποθεσία· δεν υποδηλώνει ιστορικά 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