{"version":2,"locale":"el","id":"story.democracy-1989","hasFind":true,"slug":"democracy-1989","url":"/el/stories/democracy-1989/","topic":"10 Νοεμβρίου 1989","title":"10 Νοεμβρίου: ποιος αλλάζει τους κανόνες;","summary":"Συλλογή υπογραφών για το νερό, αλλαγή στην ηγεσία του κόμματος, διαπραγματεύσεις και εκλογές. Η ιστορία παρακολουθεί τα γεγονότα από το 1989 έως το σύνταγμα του 1991.","cover":{"title":"10 Νοεμβρίου: ποιος αλλάζει τους κανόνες;","subtitle":"Από τη συλλογή υπογραφών της «Εκογκλάσνοστ» έως το σύνταγμα του 1991","hook":"Πώς άλλαξε η εξουσία το 1989–1991;","summary":"Συλλογή υπογραφών για το νερό, αλλαγή στην ηγεσία του κόμματος, διαπραγματεύσεις και εκλογές. Η ιστορία παρακολουθεί τα γεγονότα από το 1989 έως το σύνταγμα του 1991.","takeaway":"Σε αυτή την ιστορία διακρίνουμε την αλλαγή ηγέτη από την αλλαγή των κανόνων."},"sortYear":1989,"firstActivity":7,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.xx","styleId":"xx","sortOrder":0,"title":"20ός αιώνας","dateLabel":"1901–2000","eraShort":"20ός αιώνας","slug":"xx","fill":"#CFC9C4","ink":"#221616","raised":"#D6D1CD","dark":"#64615F"},"epochId":"epoch.xx","placeShort":"Σόφια","date":"1989–1991","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-cutout-480.b48135fe.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-cutout-960.b48135fe.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-cutout-1600.b48135fe.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#8d7a6d","h":2259,"w":2214,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-cutout-960.b48135fe.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-cutout-960.b48135fe.webp","id":"asset.dem.bell-cutout","alt":"Αποκομμένη λεπτομέρεια· το φόντο αφαιρέθηκε. Μεταλλικό κουδούνι σε διακοσμημένη βάση πίσω από γυαλί.","objectCaption":"Μουσειακό κουδούνι","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Biser Todorov · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Biser Todorov; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 4.0. A museum photograph of a parliamentary bell. The photograph’s catalogue associates it with the declaration of the people’s republic in 1946. Its use at the adoption of the constitution in 1991 has not been established. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Biser Todorov; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 4.0. A museum photograph of a parliamentary bell. The photograph’s catalogue associates it with the declaration of the people’s republic in 1946. Its use at the adoption of the constitution in 1991 has not been established. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bell_of_bulgarian_parlament_1946.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"democracy-1989.s1-signatures","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Υπογραφές για το νερό","body":"Το φθινόπωρο του 1989 στη Σόφια άνθρωποι βάζουν την υπογραφή τους σε φύλλα χαρτιού. Η «Εκογκλάσνοστ», μια ανεξάρτητη ομάδα προστασίας της φύσης, συλλέγει υπογραφές κατά σχεδίων εκτροπής νερού από το όρος Ρίλα προς άλλες περιοχές. Πρόκειται για ένα κοινό γραπτό αίτημα προς τις αρχές.\n\nΣτον κήπο «Κρίσταλ» οι υπογραφές συλλέγονται δημόσια. Στις 26 Οκτωβρίου η μιλίτσια, η αστυνομία της εποχής, ξυλοκοπεί και συλλαμβάνει συμμετέχοντες. Η βία έχει και παλαιότερα θύματα. Ήδη τον Μάιο διαμαρτυρίες Βούλγαρων Τούρκων έχουν κατασταλεί με τη βία και υπάρχουν νεκροί.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-parliament-480.44626f9e.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-parliament-960.44626f9e.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-parliament-1600.44626f9e.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#6d7e8a","h":767,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-parliament-960.44626f9e.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-parliament-960.44626f9e.webp","id":"asset.dem.parliament","alt":"Η ανοιχτόχρωμη πρόσοψη της Εθνοσυνέλευσης στη Σόφια.","objectCaption":"Η ανοιχτόχρωμη πρόσοψη της Εθνοσυνέλευσης στη Σόφια.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Лорд Бъмбъри · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Лорд Бъмбъри; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. The National Assembly building in Sofia, 2 October 2016. A later view of the building, not evidence of its appearance or the people outside it in 1989. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Лорд Бъмбъри; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. The National Assembly building in Sofia, 2 October 2016. A later view of the building, not evidence of its appearance or the people outside it in 1989. 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Οι άνθρωποι ζητούν να ακουστούν για το νερό και τη φύση.\n\nΚατά τη γνώμη μας, η συλλογή υπογραφών εκφράζει και ένα αίτημα συμμετοχής των πολιτών στις αποφάσεις. Αυτή είναι μια ερμηνεία, όχι παράθεμα από το έγγραφο. Στον χάρτη το κοινοβούλιο δείχνει πού φτάνει το αίτημα. Το άλλο σημείο είναι η «Μπογιάνα», ένα συγκρότημα κτιρίων που χρησιμοποιούσε η κρατική ηγεσία. Μια εβδομάδα αργότερα συνεδριάζει εκεί η ηγεσία του κόμματος. Πρόκειται για διαφορετικούς τόπους και πράξεις.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Στις 3 Νοεμβρίου 1989 μια πορεία κατέθεσε τις υπογραφές της «Εκογκλάσνοστ» στην Εθνοσυνέλευση.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.dem.parliament","name":"Εθνοσυνέλευση, ιστορικό κτίριο","latitude":42.694444444444,"longitude":23.332777777778,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":70,"sourceIds":["src.dem.coordinates","src.dem.eko1989"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/place/#bulgaria-national-assembly-building","slug":"dem.parliament","url":"/el/map/#dem.parliament"},{"note":"Συγκρότημα κτιρίων που χρησιμοποιούσε η κρατική ηγεσία. 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Κατά τη γνώμη μας, η αλλαγή ηγέτη από μόνη της δεν αλλάζει τους κανόνες διακυβέρνησης.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhivkov-480.051ea1bc.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhivkov-960.051ea1bc.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhivkov-1600.051ea1bc.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#8f8f8f","h":1223,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhivkov-960.051ea1bc.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhivkov-960.051ea1bc.webp","id":"asset.dem.zhivkov","alt":"Ασπρόμαυρη φωτογραφία του Ζίφκοφ με γυαλιά μπροστά σε μικρόφωνο.","objectCaption":"Ασπρόμαυρη φωτογραφία του Ζίφκοφ με γυαλιά μπροστά σε μικρόφωνο.","caption":"","kindLabel":"Φωτογραφία","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Άγνωστος φωτογράφος / Anefo · CC0 · Nationaal Archief / Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC0","attribution":"Archival photograph. 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Δεν αποδεικνύει ότι η βία εξαφανίστηκε.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhelev-480.ce685995.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhelev-960.ce685995.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhelev-1600.ce685995.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#293239","h":1073,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhelev-960.ce685995.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-zhelev-960.ce685995.webp","id":"asset.dem.zhelev","alt":"Ο Ζέλιου Ζέλεφ αριστερά και ο Ζακ Σαντέρ μπροστά σε μπλε φόντο με κίτρινα αστέρια.","objectCaption":"Ο Ζέλιου Ζέλεφ αριστερά και ο Ζακ Σαντέρ μπροστά σε μπλε φόντο με κίτρινα αστέρια.","caption":"","kindLabel":"Φωτογραφία","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Patrick Bombaert - European Commission · CC BY 4.0 · European Commission / Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Archival photograph. Photo: Patrick Bombaert - European Commission; European Commission / Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 4.0. Zhelyu Zhelev on the left with Jacques Santer, 26 March 1996. This is a later photograph of a Round Table participant, not a photograph of the negotiations. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Archival photograph. Photo: Patrick Bombaert - European Commission; European Commission / Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 4.0. Zhelyu Zhelev on the left with Jacques Santer, 26 March 1996. This is a later photograph of a Round Table participant, not a photograph of the negotiations. 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Στις 17 Ιουνίου διεξάγεται επαναληπτική ψηφοφορία για μέρος των εδρών της συνέλευσης. Εκλέγονται συνολικά 400 αντιπρόσωποι. Το Βουλγαρικό Σοσιαλιστικό Κόμμα, το μετονομασμένο κομμουνιστικό κόμμα, έχει 211 εκλεγμένους αντιπροσώπους. Η Ένωση Δημοκρατικών Δυνάμεων έχει 144. Και άλλες πολιτικές δυνάμεις έχουν αντιπροσώπους.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-mladenov-480.892c8eae.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-mladenov-960.892c8eae.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-mladenov-1600.892c8eae.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#9d9d9d","h":1062,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-mladenov-960.892c8eae.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-mladenov-960.892c8eae.webp","id":"asset.dem.mladenov","alt":"Δύο άνδρες με κοστούμια μπροστά σε τιμητικό άγημα σε αεροδρόμιο.","objectCaption":"Δύο άνδρες με κοστούμια μπροστά σε τιμητικό άγημα σε αεροδρόμιο.","caption":"","kindLabel":"Φωτογραφία","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Bert Verhoeff  for  Anefo · CC0 · Nationaal Archief / Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC0","attribution":"Archival photograph. Photo: Bert Verhoeff / Anefo; Nationaal Archief / Wikimedia Commons; CC0. Petar Mladenov and Max van der Stoel in the Netherlands, 20 April 1976. Mladenov later replaced Zhivkov as party leader. This photograph does not show that change. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Archival photograph. Photo: Bert Verhoeff / Anefo; Nationaal Archief / Wikimedia Commons; CC0. Petar Mladenov and Max van der Stoel in the Netherlands, 20 April 1976. Mladenov later replaced Zhivkov as party leader. This photograph does not show that change. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bulgaarse_minister_buitenlandse_zaken_Petar_Mladenof_in_Nederland_gearriveerd_M,_Bestanddeelnr_928-5305.jpg","licenseUrl":"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":36.908,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.democracy-1989.democracy-1989.s5-election","duration":37.035,"src":"/audio/el/democracy-1989/s5-election.b8ca9889.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.dem.mihaylova2022"},{"id":"src.dem.ipu1990"}]},{"id":"democracy-1989.s6-constitution","number":6,"kind":"artifact","title":"Οι βουλευτές ψηφίζουν το σύνταγμα","body":"Στις 12 Ιουλίου 1991 η Μεγάλη Λαϊκή Συνέλευση ψηφίζει το σύνταγμα. Την επόμενη ημέρα δημοσιεύεται στην «Κρατική Εφημερίδα», το επίσημο έντυπο δημοσίευσης των νόμων. Τότε τίθεται σε ισχύ.\n\nΣύμφωνα με το πρώτο άρθρο, η εξουσία πηγάζει από τον λαό. Η Βουλγαρία είναι κοινοβουλευτική δημοκρατία: η κυβέρνηση εκλέγεται από το κοινοβούλιο. Το κοινοβούλιο ψηφίζει νόμους, η κυβέρνηση κυβερνά και τα δικαστήρια αποφασίζουν για διαφορές και υποθέσεις. Το σύνταγμα επιτρέπει διαφορετικά κόμματα και προστατεύει την έκφραση γνώμης υπό ορισμένους περιορισμούς. Οι άλλοι νόμοι δεν μπορούν να αντιβαίνουν σε αυτό.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-cover-480.f4ee4d98.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-cover-647.f4ee4d98.avif","w":647}],"dominant":"#ced1cc","h":971,"w":647,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-cover-647.f4ee4d98.webp","w":647}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-cover-647.f4ee4d98.webp","id":"asset.dem.constitution-cover","alt":"Φύλλο με τον τίτλο και το προοίμιο του συντάγματος.","objectCaption":"Φύλλο με τον τίτλο και το προοίμιο του συντάγματος.","caption":"","kind":"archive","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"7η Μεγάλη Εθνοσυνέλευση της Βουλγαρίας · Public domain · Κρατική Υπηρεσία Αρχείων της Βουλγαρίας / Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Reproduction: 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. The opening leaf of the 1991 constitution: title and preamble. Archival digital reproduction, Central State Archives, fonds 117, inventory 46, archival unit 1084, leaf 1. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Reproduction: 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. The opening leaf of the 1991 constitution: title and preamble. Archival digital reproduction, Central State Archives, fonds 117, inventory 46, archival unit 1084, leaf 1. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BASA-117-46-1084-1-Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Bulgaria.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-BulgarianGov"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-signatures-480.930c8e05.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-signatures-717.930c8e05.avif","w":717}],"dominant":"#bec1b8","h":982,"w":717,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-signatures-717.930c8e05.webp","w":717}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-signatures-717.930c8e05.webp","id":"asset.dem.constitution-signatures","alt":"Φύλλο με τυπωμένα ονόματα και χειρόγραφες καταχωρίσεις.","objectCaption":"Φύλλο με τυπωμένα ονόματα και χειρόγραφες καταχωρίσεις.","caption":"","kind":"archive","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"7η Μεγάλη Εθνοσυνέλευση της Βουλγαρίας · Public domain · Κρατική Υπηρεσία Αρχείων της Βουλγαρίας / Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Reproduction: 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Archival leaf with names and signatures from the constitution vote on 12 July 1991. Central State Archives, fonds 117, inventory 46, archival unit 1084, leaf 108. This is not the Ecoglasnost petition. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Reproduction: 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Archival leaf with names and signatures from the constitution vote on 12 July 1991. Central State Archives, fonds 117, inventory 46, archival unit 1084, leaf 108. This is not the Ecoglasnost petition. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BASA-117-46-1084-108-Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Bulgaria.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-BulgarianGov"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-text-480.0108bab1.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-text-656.0108bab1.avif","w":656}],"dominant":"#c4c8bf","h":972,"w":656,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-text-656.0108bab1.webp","w":656}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-constitution-text-656.0108bab1.webp","id":"asset.dem.constitution-text","alt":"Φύλλο με δακτυλογραφημένα άρθρα του συντάγματος.","objectCaption":"Φύλλο με δακτυλογραφημένα άρθρα του συντάγματος.","caption":"","kind":"archive","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"7η Μεγάλη Εθνοσυνέλευση της Βουλγαρίας · Public domain · Κρατική Υπηρεσία Αρχείων της Βουλγαρίας / Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Reproduction: 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Leaf 27 of the constitution: visible text includes Article 78 on convening parliamentary sessions. Archival reproduction, Central State Archives, fonds 117, inventory 46, archival unit 1084. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Reproduction: 7th Grand National Assembly of Bulgaria; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Leaf 27 of the constitution: visible text includes Article 78 on convening parliamentary sessions. Archival reproduction, Central State Archives, fonds 117, inventory 46, archival unit 1084. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BASA-117-46-1084-27-Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Bulgaria.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-BulgarianGov"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-480.ed128f95.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-960.ed128f95.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-1600.ed128f95.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-2400.ed128f95.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#5f5d5d","h":1923,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-960.ed128f95.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-dem-bell-960.ed128f95.webp","id":"asset.dem.bell","alt":"Μεταλλικό κουδούνι σε διακοσμημένη βάση πίσω από γυαλί.","objectCaption":"Μουσειακό κουδούνι","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Biser Todorov · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Biser Todorov; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 4.0. A museum photograph of a parliamentary bell. The photograph’s catalogue associates it with the declaration of the people’s republic in 1946. Its use at the adoption of the constitution in 1991 has not been established. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Biser Todorov; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY 4.0. A museum photograph of a parliamentary bell. The photograph’s catalogue associates it with the declaration of the people’s republic in 1946. Its use at the adoption of the constitution in 1991 has not been established. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bell_of_bulgarian_parlament_1946.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-title","x":0.46,"y":0.193,"title":"Ο τίτλος","body":"Ο τίτλος αναφέρει το Σύνταγμα της Δημοκρατίας της Βουλγαρίας. Πρόκειται για το πρώτο αρχειακό φύλλο, όχι για σύγχρονη αφίσα.","sourceIds":["src.dem.img.constitution-cover"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-representatives","x":0.49,"y":0.375,"title":"Ποιος μιλά στο κείμενο","body":"Στην αρχή μιλούν οι βουλευτές της Έβδομης Μεγάλης Εθνοσυνέλευσης. Δεν πρόκειται για το κείμενο της συλλογής υπογραφών στον δρόμο.","sourceIds":["src.dem.gazette1991","src.dem.img.constitution-cover"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":33.596,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.democracy-1989.democracy-1989.s6-constitution","duration":33.707,"src":"/audio/el/democracy-1989/s6-constitution.e02ac984.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.dem.gazette1991"},{"id":"src.dem.constitution-web"},{"id":"src.dem.img.constitution-cover"},{"id":"src.dem.img.constitution-signatures"}]},{"id":"democracy-1989.a1-party","number":7,"kind":"activity","title":"Δραστηριότητα: τι αλλάζει","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.dem.party","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Τι συμβαίνει στις 10 Νοεμβρίου 1989;","sourceIds":["src.dem.bnt2019","src.dem.dineva2019","src.dem.gazette1991","src.dem.ipu1990"],"items":[{"id":"opt-leader","label":"Εκλέγεται νέος γενικός γραμματέας του κομμουνιστικού κόμματος."},{"id":"opt-constitution","label":"Ψηφίζεται το νέο σύνταγμα.","whyWrong":"Το σύνταγμα ψηφίστηκε τον Ιούλιο του 1991."},{"id":"opt-election","label":"Διεξάγονται εκλογές για Μεγάλη Λαϊκή Συνέλευση.","whyWrong":"Οι εκλογές έγιναν τον Ιούνιο του 1990, όχι στη συνεδρίαση της Κεντρικής Επιτροπής."}],"explanation":"Η Κεντρική Επιτροπή εκλέγει νέο ηγέτη στη θέση του Ζίφκοφ. Είναι κομματική απόφαση.","correctItemId":"opt-leader","sources":[{"id":"src.dem.bnt2019"},{"id":"src.dem.dineva2019"},{"id":"src.dem.gazette1991"},{"id":"src.dem.ipu1990"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.884,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.democracy-1989.democracy-1989.a1-party","duration":4.011,"src":"/audio/el/democracy-1989/a1-party.d27843cb.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.dem.bnt2019"},{"id":"src.dem.dineva2019"},{"id":"src.dem.gazette1991"},{"id":"src.dem.ipu1990"}]},{"id":"democracy-1989.a2-timeline","number":8,"kind":"activity","title":"Δραστηριότητα: βάλτε τα βήματα στη σειρά","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.dem.timeline","kind":"sequence","prompt":"Βάλτε τα γεγονότα στη σειρά, αρχίζοντας από το παλαιότερο.","sourceIds":["src.dem.eko1989","src.dem.bnt2019","src.dem.mihaylova2022","src.dem.ipu1990"],"items":[{"id":"ev-petition","label":"Κατάθεση της συλλογής υπογραφών"},{"id":"ev-party","label":"Αλλαγή στην ηγεσία του κόμματος"},{"id":"ev-talks","label":"Προπαρασκευαστικές συνομιλίες"},{"id":"ev-vote","label":"Εκλογές για τη Μεγάλη Εθνοσυνέλευση"}],"explanation":"Η συλλογή υπογραφών προηγείται της συνεδρίασης της Κεντρικής Επιτροπής. Οι διαπραγματεύσεις γίνονται τον επόμενο χειμώνα και οι εκλογές τον Ιούνιο.","correctOrderIds":["ev-petition","ev-party","ev-talks","ev-vote"],"sources":[{"id":"src.dem.eko1989"},{"id":"src.dem.bnt2019"},{"id":"src.dem.mihaylova2022"},{"id":"src.dem.ipu1990"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.804,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.democracy-1989.democracy-1989.a2-timeline","duration":3.925,"src":"/audio/el/democracy-1989/a2-timeline.ab3eeb73.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.dem.eko1989"},{"id":"src.dem.bnt2019"},{"id":"src.dem.mihaylova2022"},{"id":"src.dem.ipu1990"}]},{"id":"democracy-1989.a3-matching","number":9,"kind":"activity","title":"Δραστηριότητα: ποιος κάνει τι","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.dem.matching","kind":"matching","prompt":"Συνδέστε τους συμμετέχοντες με την πράξη τους στην ιστορία.","sourceIds":["src.dem.eko1989","src.dem.roundtable-peace","src.dem.gazette1991"],"items":[{"id":"m-eco","label":"Εκογκλάσνοστ","pairedLabel":"Συλλέγει υπογραφές για το νερό"},{"id":"m-table","label":"Οι συμμετέχοντες στη Στρογγυλή Τράπεζα","pairedLabel":"Συμφωνούν σε μη βίαιες μεθόδους"},{"id":"m-assembly","label":"Η Μεγάλη Λαϊκή Συνέλευση","pairedLabel":"Ψηφίζει το σύνταγμα το 1991"}],"explanation":"Η συλλογή υπογραφών είναι δράση πολιτών. Η Στρογγυλή Τράπεζα είναι διαπραγμάτευση μεταξύ πολιτικών δυνάμεων. 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