{"version":2,"locale":"el","id":"story.ruse-railway-1866","hasFind":true,"slug":"ruse-railway-1866","url":"/el/stories/ruse-railway-1866/","topic":"Ρούσε–Βάρνα","title":"Από τον Δούναβη στη θάλασσα","summary":"Το 1866 ένας σιδηρόδρομος συνδέει το Ρούσε με τη Βάρνα. Ακολούθησε τις ράγες, διάβασε μια εργοστασιακή πινακίδα και κοίταξε την πόλη πέρα από τον σταθμό.","cover":{"title":"Από τον Δούναβη στη θάλασσα","subtitle":"Ρούσε–Βάρνα, 1866","hook":"Πώς συνδέει το τρένο το ποτάμι με τη θάλασσα;","summary":"Το 1866 ένας σιδηρόδρομος συνδέει το Ρούσε με τη Βάρνα. Ακολούθησε τις ράγες, διάβασε μια εργοστασιακή πινακίδα και κοίταξε την πόλη πέρα από τον σταθμό.","takeaway":"Ο σιδηρόδρομος συνδέει την ποτάμια με τη θαλάσσια οδό· τα σημερινά αντικείμενα πρέπει να ερμηνεύονται με βάση τις δικές τους χρονολογίες."},"sortYear":1866,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.revival","styleId":"revival","sortOrder":1,"title":"Αναγέννηση και Απελευθέρωση","dateLabel":"18ος–19ος αιώνας","eraShort":"Αναγέννηση","slug":"revival","fill":"#B9A48E","ink":"#221616","raised":"#C4B29F","dark":"#77654D"},"epochId":"epoch.revival","placeShort":"Ρούσε–Βάρνα","date":"1866","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-480.61bb0c23.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-960.61bb0c23.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-1600.61bb0c23.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#817b76","h":1350,"w":2190,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-960.61bb0c23.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-960.61bb0c23.webp","id":"asset.rail.crest-cutout","alt":"Αποκομμένη λεπτομέρεια· το φόντο αφαιρέθηκε. Πινακίδα κατασκευαστή με χρονολογία 1911. Πινακίδα σε μουσειακό βαγόνι: όνομα κατασκευαστή, Breslau και 1911.","objectCaption":"Πινακίδα κατασκευαστή","caption":"Πινακίδα σε μουσειακό βαγόνι: όνομα κατασκευαστή, Breslau και 1911.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crest_on_Breslau-Manufactured_Railway_Carriage_(1911)_-_National_Transport_Museum_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_(42347212964).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.s1-eight-hours","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Με τρένο από το ποτάμι στη θάλασσα","body":"Φαντάσου ότι βρίσκεσαι δίπλα στον Δούναβη, στο Ρούσε. Επόμενος προορισμός σου είναι η Μαύρη Θάλασσα, στη Βάρνα. Το 1866 εγκαινιάζεται ένας σιδηρόδρομος ανάμεσα στις δύο πόλεις. Σύμφωνα με το Βουλγαρικό Πρακτορείο Ειδήσεων, το ταξίδι με τρένο διαρκούσε περίπου οκτώ ώρες. Δεν γνωρίζουμε αν κάθε ταξίδι διαρκούσε τόσο. Τώρα όμως μπορείς να φτάσεις από την όχθη του ποταμού στη θάλασσα πάνω στις ράγες.\n\nΕίναι ο πρώτος σιδηρόδρομος στα σημερινά βουλγαρικά εδάφη. Τότε αποτελούν μέρος της Οθωμανικής Αυτοκρατορίας.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-locomotive-480.27997a9e.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-locomotive-960.27997a9e.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-locomotive-1600.27997a9e.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#7c7571","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-locomotive-960.27997a9e.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-locomotive-960.27997a9e.webp","id":"asset.rail.locomotive","alt":"Ατμομηχανή αρ. 148 στο μουσείο του Ρούσε. Μουσειακή ατμομηχανή. Δεν έχει διαπιστωθεί αν έσυρε το πρώτο τρένο. Φωτογραφία του 2018· το έτος κατασκευής δεν έχει διαπιστωθεί για αυτή την ιστορία.","objectCaption":"Μουσειακή ατμομηχανή. Δεν έχει διαπιστωθεί αν έσυρε το πρώτο τρένο. Φωτογραφία του 2018· το έτος κατασκευής δεν έχει διαπιστωθεί για αυτή την ιστορία.","caption":"Μουσειακή ατμομηχανή. Δεν έχει διαπιστωθεί αν έσυρε το πρώτο τρένο. Φωτογραφία του 2018· το έτος κατασκευής δεν έχει διαπιστωθεί για αυτή την ιστορία.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Museum locomotive. It has not been established whether it pulled the first train. Photograph from 2018; its manufacture year is not established for this story. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Museum locomotive. It has not been established whether it pulled the first train. Photograph from 2018; its manufacture year is not established for this story. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1866_Locomotive_-_National_Transport_Museum_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_-_01_(28197509037).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":28.62,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.s1-eight-hours","duration":28.715,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/s1-eight-hours.69a88f72.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"},{"id":"src.rail.bdz.history"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.s2-river-to-sea","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Πλοίο, τρένο, πλοίο","body":"Κοίταξε τα δύο σημεία στον χάρτη. Το Ρούσε είναι ποτάμιο λιμάνι. Η Βάρνα ανοίγει τον δρόμο προς τη Μαύρη Θάλασσα και την Κωνσταντινούπολη. Οι ράγες συνδέουν δύο διαφορετικές υδάτινες οδούς. Αποτελούν μέρος μιας μεγαλύτερης διαδρομής για ανθρώπους και εμπορεύματα από την Κεντρική Ευρώπη.\n\nΤην άνοιξη του 1867 η σιδηροδρομική εταιρεία συμφωνεί για συνδυασμένες μεταφορές με δύο ναυτιλιακές εταιρείες. Η μία πλέει στον Δούναβη. Η άλλη, η «Αυστριακή Λόιντ», συνδέει τη Βάρνα με την Κωνσταντινούπολη. Ο επιβάτης αλλάζει μέσο, αλλά συνεχίζει προς τον προορισμό του.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Κατά προσέγγιση σημείο αναφοράς για την πόλη.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rail.ruse","name":"Ρούσε","latitude":43.844532,"longitude":25.953907,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":3000,"sourceIds":["src.rail.wikidata"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"rail.ruse","url":"/el/map/#rail.ruse"},{"note":"Η σύγχρονη πόλη. Η νεκρόπολη και το μουσείο έχουν ξεχωριστούς δείκτες στον χάρτη.","precision":"exact","id":"place.varna.city","name":"Βάρνα","latitude":43.211375000000004,"longitude":27.91108,"accuracy":"verified_point","sourceIds":["src.varna.city-coordinate","src.rail.wikidata"],"short":"Βάρνα","guideUrl":null,"slug":"varna.city","url":"/el/map/#varna.city"},{"note":"Το μουσείο βρίσκεται στον παλιό σταθμό δίπλα στον Δούναβη. Το σημείο δείχνει κατά προσέγγιση τη θέση του κτιρίου.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rail.museum","name":"Παλιός σταθμός — Μουσείο Μεταφορών","latitude":43.86066667,"longitude":25.96361111,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":40,"sourceIds":["src.rail.wikidata","src.rail.bta2026"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/places/national-transport-museum/","slug":"rail.museum","url":"/el/map/#rail.museum"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-1536.8876519a.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-2048.4c826249.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-3072.8876519a.avif","w":3072}]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief-dark@3x.jpg?v=0941a59d06","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-1024.73ab39a9.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-1536.4f3ca147.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-2048.73ab39a9.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-3072.4f3ca147.avif","w":3072}]},"places":[{"note":"Κατά προσέγγιση σημείο αναφοράς για την πόλη.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rail.ruse","name":"Ρούσε","latitude":43.844532,"longitude":25.953907,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":3000,"sourceIds":["src.rail.wikidata"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"rail.ruse","url":"/el/map/#rail.ruse","number":1,"x":55.67384,"y":20.37804,"inside":true,"viewX":45.09275664516129,"viewY":26.123332567741937},{"note":"Η σύγχρονη πόλη. Η νεκρόπολη και το μουσείο έχουν ξεχωριστούς δείκτες στον χάρτη.","precision":"exact","id":"place.varna.city","name":"Βάρνα","latitude":43.211375000000004,"longitude":27.91108,"accuracy":"verified_point","sourceIds":["src.varna.city-coordinate","src.rail.wikidata"],"short":"Βάρνα","guideUrl":null,"slug":"varna.city","url":"/el/map/#varna.city","number":2,"x":80.1385,"y":37.2589,"inside":true,"viewX":75.39736774193547,"viewY":47.763506},{"note":"Το μουσείο βρίσκεται στον παλιό σταθμό δίπλα στον Δούναβη. Το σημείο δείχνει κατά προσέγγιση τη θέση του κτιρίου.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rail.museum","name":"Παλιός σταθμός — Μουσείο Μεταφορών","latitude":43.86066667,"longitude":25.96361111,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":40,"sourceIds":["src.rail.wikidata","src.rail.bta2026"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/places/national-transport-museum/","slug":"rail.museum","url":"/el/map/#rail.museum","number":3,"x":55.79514,"y":19.94553,"inside":true,"viewX":54.09275664516129,"viewY":32.12333256774194}],"extent":[0,0,1,1],"orientation":[{"name":"Σόφια","kind":"town","x":22.774,"y":50.826,"viewX":4.3394064516128985,"viewY":65.15565290322583},{"name":"Φιλιππούπολη","kind":"town","x":40.566,"y":65.549,"viewX":26.378529032258065,"viewY":84.02958903225807},{"name":"Βάρνα","kind":"town","x":80.184,"y":37.187,"viewX":75.45372903225807,"viewY":47.67133483870968},{"name":"Μπουργκάς","kind":"town","x":74.532,"y":55.892,"viewX":68.45254193548386,"viewY":71.64993806451615},{"name":"Ρούσε","kind":"town","x":55.821,"y":20.617,"viewX":45.275045161290315,"viewY":26.42966387096775},{"name":"Βέλικο 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ράγες ξεκινούν από τα δύο άκρα","body":"Πριν από τους επιβάτες έρχονται οι κατασκευαστές. Οι εργασίες αρχίζουν το 1864, ταυτόχρονα από το Ρούσε και τη Βάρνα. Η οθωμανική κυβέρνηση αναθέτει την κατασκευή σε αγγλική εταιρεία των αδελφών Μπέρκλεϊ. Η παραχώρηση δίνει στην εταιρεία το δικαίωμα να κατασκευάσει και να εκμεταλλευτεί τη γραμμή βάσει σύμβασης.\n\nΟ διοικητής Μιντχάτ πασάς διασχίζει τη γραμμή και κηρύσσει τα εγκαίνιά της το 1866. Σύμφωνα με το μουσείο του Ρούσε, τα τακτικά δρομολόγια αρχίζουν το 1867. Το 1888 το βουλγαρικό κράτος εξαγοράζει τη γραμμή. Η κατασκευή, τα εγκαίνια και η εξαγορά είναι διαφορετικά γεγονότα.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-480.cc01a434.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-960.cc01a434.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-1600.cc01a434.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#848887","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-960.cc01a434.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-960.cc01a434.webp","id":"asset.rail.station","alt":"Ο παλιός σταθμός του Ρούσε. Διατηρημένο κτίριο του σταθμού, φωτογραφημένο το 2018· δεν είναι άποψη του 1866.","objectCaption":"Διατηρημένο κτίριο του σταθμού, φωτογραφημένο το 2018· δεν είναι άποψη του 1866.","caption":"Διατηρημένο κτίριο του σταθμού, φωτογραφημένο το 2018· δεν είναι άποψη του 1866.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Surviving station building photographed in 2018; not a view from 1866. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Surviving station building photographed in 2018; not a view from 1866. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:National_Transport_Museum_-_First_Railway_Station_in_Ottoman_Empire_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_-_01_(42347216054).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":35.356,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.s3-building-the-line","duration":35.456,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/s3-building-the-line.40c3956a.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bdz.history"},{"id":"src.rail.topal2015"},{"id":"src.rail.ruse.calendar"},{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.s4-reading-a-plate","number":4,"kind":"artifact","title":"Μια χρονολογία πάνω στο μέταλλο","body":"Πλησίασε την οβάλ πινακίδα στο βαγόνι του μουσείου. Στην άκρη υπάρχουν γράμματα και κάτω τους το 1911. Είναι εργοστασιακή πινακίδα: ένα σήμα που άφησε ο κατασκευαστής. Στην επάνω σειρά διαβάζεται Breslauer Actien-Gesellschaft, μέρος της επωνυμίας της εταιρείας. Στο τέλος της κάτω σειράς αναγράφεται Breslau. Το Breslau είναι το όνομα της πόλης στην εργοστασιακή επιγραφή.\n\nΗ πινακίδα είναι μεταγενέστερη των εγκαινίων της γραμμής. Το μουσείο συγκεντρώνει αντικείμενα από διαφορετικές εποχές. Κοίταξε τη χρονολογία πριν αποφασίσεις με ποιο γεγονός συνδέεται το αντικείμενο.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-480.ee47eb2c.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-960.ee47eb2c.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-1600.ee47eb2c.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-2400.ee47eb2c.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#575956","h":1790,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-960.ee47eb2c.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-960.ee47eb2c.webp","id":"asset.rail.crest","alt":"Πινακίδα κατασκευαστή με χρονολογία 1911. Πινακίδα σε μουσειακό βαγόνι: όνομα κατασκευαστή, Breslau και 1911.","objectCaption":"Πινακίδα κατασκευαστή","caption":"Πινακίδα σε μουσειακό βαγόνι: όνομα κατασκευαστή, Breslau και 1911.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crest_on_Breslau-Manufactured_Railway_Carriage_(1911)_-_National_Transport_Museum_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_(42347212964).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-rail-maker","x":0.52,"y":0.34,"title":"Κατασκευαστής","body":"Στην επάνω σειρά διαβάζεται Breslauer Actien-Gesellschaft. Είναι μέρος της επωνυμίας της εταιρείας.","sourceIds":["src.rail.photo.crest"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-rail-city","x":0.76,"y":0.57,"title":"Μπρέσλαου","body":"Στην κάτω καμπύλη σειρά διαβάζεται Breslau. Μεταγράφουμε το όνομα όπως εμφανίζεται στο αντικείμενο.","sourceIds":["src.rail.photo.crest"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-rail-year","x":0.53,"y":0.7,"title":"1911","body":"Κάτω από τα γράμματα αναγράφεται το έτος 1911. Είναι μεταγενέστερο από τα εγκαίνια της γραμμής το 1866.","sourceIds":["src.rail.photo.crest","src.rail.bdz.history"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":31.98,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.s4-reading-a-plate","duration":32.085,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/s4-reading-a-plate.9a261917.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.photo.crest"},{"id":"src.rail.bdz.history"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.a1-waterways","number":5,"kind":"activity","title":"Δραστηριότητα: τι συνδέουν οι ράγες","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.rail.waterways","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Ποιες δύο υδάτινες οδούς συνδέει ο σιδηρόδρομος Ρούσε–Βάρνα;","sourceIds":["src.rail.roussev.railways","src.rail.bta2026"],"items":[{"id":"opt-river-sea","label":"Τον Δούναβη και τη Μαύρη Θάλασσα"},{"id":"opt-two-seas","label":"Δύο θάλασσες","whyWrong":"Ο Δούναβης είναι ποτάμι, όχι θάλασσα."},{"id":"opt-two-rivers","label":"Δύο ποτάμια","whyWrong":"Η Μαύρη Θάλασσα δεν είναι ποτάμι."}],"explanation":"Το Ρούσε βρίσκεται στον Δούναβη και η Βάρνα στη Μαύρη Θάλασσα. Το τρένο συνδέει το ποτάμιο και το θαλάσσιο άκρο μιας μεγαλύτερης διαδρομής.","correctItemId":"opt-river-sea","sources":[{"id":"src.rail.roussev.railways"},{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.884,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.a1-waterways","duration":4.011,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/a1-waterways.860404c2.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.roussev.railways"},{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.s5-a-city-facade","number":6,"kind":"narrative","title":"Καταστήματα που αποφέρουν ενοίκια","body":"Από τον σταθμό στρέψε το βλέμμα σου στο Κτίριο των Εσόδων. Χτίστηκε το 1898–1902. Το σχεδίασε ο Βιεννέζος αρχιτέκτονας Πέτερ Πάουλ Μπρανκ. Στο κτίριο είχαν προβλεφθεί καταστήματα και θεατρική αίθουσα. Το όνομά του προέρχεται από το σχέδιο για έσοδα από ενοίκια. Τα ενοίκια θα απέφεραν χρήματα στη σχολική εφορεία, τους ανθρώπους που διαχειρίζονταν τις σχολικές υποθέσεις.\n\nΣήμερα εδώ στεγάζεται το θέατρο «Σάβα Ογκνιάνοφ». Στην πρόσοψη βλέπεις κίονες και γλυπτά διακοσμητικά στοιχεία.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-theatre-480.1d8085d8.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-theatre-960.1d8085d8.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-theatre-1600.1d8085d8.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#89918f","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-theatre-960.1d8085d8.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-theatre-960.1d8085d8.webp","id":"asset.rail.theatre","alt":"Το Ντοχόντνο Ζντάνιε στο Ρούσε. Φωτογραφία του 2009 ενός κτιρίου του 1898–1902· σήμερα στεγάζει το θέατρο «Σάβα Ογκνιάνοφ».","objectCaption":"Φωτογραφία του 2009 ενός κτιρίου του 1898–1902· σήμερα στεγάζει το θέατρο «Σάβα Ογκνιάνοφ».","caption":"Φωτογραφία του 2009 ενός κτιρίου του 1898–1902· σήμερα στεγάζει το θέατρο «Σάβα Ογκνιάνοφ».","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Todor Bozhinov / Тодор Божинов / Martyr · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.5","attribution":"Photo: Todor Bozhinov / Тодор Божинов / Martyr, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.5. Photograph from 2009 of the building erected in 1898–1902; it now houses the Sava Ognyanov Theatre. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Todor Bozhinov / Тодор Божинов / Martyr, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.5. Photograph from 2009 of the building erected in 1898–1902; it now houses the Sava Ognyanov Theatre. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ruse_TodorBozhinov_09.08.09_(10).JPG","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Κατά προσέγγιση σημείο αναφοράς για το κτίριο.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rail.theatre","name":"Ντοχόντνο Ζντάνιε","latitude":43.84805556,"longitude":25.95277778,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":40,"sourceIds":["src.rail.wikidata"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/place/#dohodno-zdanie","slug":"rail.theatre","url":"/el/map/#rail.theatre"}],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":27.42,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.s5-a-city-facade","duration":27.52,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/s5-a-city-facade.1711c60e.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.theatre"},{"id":"src.rail.university"},{"id":"src.rail.ruse.history"},{"id":"src.rail.pier"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.theatre"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.a2-timeline","number":7,"kind":"activity","title":"Δραστηριότητα: βάλε τα γεγονότα στη σειρά","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.rail.timeline","kind":"sequence","prompt":"Βάλε τα γεγονότα στη σειρά, ξεκινώντας από το παλαιότερο.","sourceIds":["src.rail.bdz.history","src.rail.bta2026"],"items":[{"id":"ev-build","label":"Αρχίζει η κατασκευή"},{"id":"ev-open","label":"Εγκαινιάζεται η γραμμή"},{"id":"ev-buy","label":"Το κράτος εξαγοράζει τη γραμμή"}],"explanation":"Η κατασκευή αρχίζει το 1864, τα εγκαίνια γίνονται το 1866 και η εξαγορά το 1888.","correctOrderIds":["ev-build","ev-open","ev-buy"],"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bdz.history"},{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.884,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.a2-timeline","duration":4.011,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/a2-timeline.8cad0bcb.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bdz.history"},{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.s6-at-the-old-station","number":8,"kind":"narrative","title":"Η ατμομηχανή 148 κοντά στον παλιό σταθμό","body":"Ο παλιός σταθμός δίπλα στον Δούναβη στεγάζει σήμερα το Μουσείο Μεταφορών, που άνοιξε το 1966. Η συλλογή περιλαμβάνει ατμομηχανές, βαγόνια, μοντέλα και συσκευές μετάδοσης μηνυμάτων. Βρες στη φωτογραφία τον αριθμό 148 πάνω στην ατμομηχανή. Στις άλλες φωτογραφίες δες τα ξύλινα καθίσματα ενός βαγονιού και το μπλε βαγόνι με τη διακόσμηση. Δείχνουν διαφορετικές όψεις του σιδηροδρομικού ταξιδιού.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-480.cc01a434.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-960.cc01a434.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-1600.cc01a434.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#848887","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-960.cc01a434.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-station-960.cc01a434.webp","id":"asset.rail.station","alt":"Ο παλιός σταθμός του Ρούσε. Διατηρημένο κτίριο του σταθμού, φωτογραφημένο το 2018· δεν είναι άποψη του 1866.","objectCaption":"Διατηρημένο κτίριο του σταθμού, φωτογραφημένο το 2018· δεν είναι άποψη του 1866.","caption":"Διατηρημένο κτίριο του σταθμού, φωτογραφημένο το 2018· δεν είναι άποψη του 1866.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Εικόνες","source":"Άνοιγμα πηγής","full":"Πλήρης αναφορά δημιουργού"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Surviving station building photographed in 2018; not a view from 1866. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Surviving station building photographed in 2018; not a view from 1866. 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Το σημείο δείχνει κατά προσέγγιση τη θέση του κτιρίου.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rail.museum","name":"Παλιός σταθμός — Μουσείο Μεταφορών","latitude":43.86066667,"longitude":25.96361111,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":40,"sourceIds":["src.rail.wikidata","src.rail.bta2026"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/el/places/national-transport-museum/","slug":"rail.museum","url":"/el/map/#rail.museum"}],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":23.564,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.s6-at-the-old-station","duration":23.68,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/s6-at-the-old-station.bf1568ae.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.locomotive"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.interior"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.carriage"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.barge"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.port"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.kanitz"}]},{"id":"ruse-railway-1866.a3-matching","number":9,"kind":"activity","title":"Δραστηριότητα: αντιστοίχισε τους τόπους και το αντικείμενο","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.rail.matching","kind":"matching","prompt":"Αντιστοίχισε κάθε όνομα με την περιγραφή του.","sourceIds":["src.rail.bta2026","src.rail.theatre","src.rail.photo.crest"],"items":[{"id":"m-ruse","label":"Ρούσε","pairedLabel":"Λιμάνι στον Δούναβη"},{"id":"m-varna","label":"Βάρνα","pairedLabel":"Λιμάνι στη Μαύρη Θάλασσα"},{"id":"m-theatre","label":"Κτίριο των Εσόδων","pairedLabel":"Ενοίκια για τη σχολική εφορεία"},{"id":"m-plate","label":"Εργοστασιακή πινακίδα","pairedLabel":"Επιγραφή με το έτος 1911"}],"explanation":"Το Ρούσε είναι το ποτάμιο άκρο, η Βάρνα το θαλάσσιο. Τα ενοίκια εξηγούν το όνομα του Κτιρίου των Εσόδων, ενώ το 1911 διαβάζεται στην πινακίδα.","sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"},{"id":"src.rail.theatre"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.crest"}],"columns":["Στοιχείο","Περιγραφή"]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.068,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"el_GR-rapunzelina-low","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.el.ruse-railway-1866.ruse-railway-1866.a3-matching","duration":3.157,"src":"/audio/el/ruse-railway-1866/a3-matching.351da9dc.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rail.bta2026"},{"id":"src.rail.theatre"},{"id":"src.rail.photo.crest"}]}],"minutes":4,"sources":[{"year":null,"url":"https://www.bdz.bg/bg/a/istoria-bdz","institutionOrAuthor":"БДЖ – Пътнически превози","id":"src.rail.bdz.history","authors":["БДЖ – Пътнически превози"],"title":"История на БДЖ","accessedOn":"2026-11-02","accessed":"2026-11-02","fieldLanguages":{"institutionOrAuthor":"bg","title":"bg"},"container":""},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.bta.bg/en/news/archives/1155788-june-26-2026-sixty-years-since-opening-of-transport-museum-in-ruse","institutionOrAuthor":"Lyubomir Gigov; Irina Simeonova","id":"src.rail.bta2026","authors":["Lyubomir Gigov","Irina Simeonova"],"title":"June 26, 2026: Sixty Years since Opening of Transport Museum in Ruse","container":"Bulgarian News Agency","accessedOn":"2026-11-02","accessed":"2026-11-02"},{"year":2018,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danube_River_with_Barge_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_(42347217924).jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada / Wikimedia Commons","id":"src.rail.photo.barge","authors":["Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada / Wikimedia Commons"],"title":"Barge on the Danube at Ruse","accessedOn":"2026-11-02","accessed":"2026-11-02","container":""},{"year":2018,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Royal_Carriage_-_National_Transport_Museum_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_(42347215204).jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada / Wikimedia Commons","id":"src.rail.photo.carriage","authors":["Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada / Wikimedia Commons"],"title":"Blue carriage in the museum collection. 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Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911.","accessedOn":"2026-11-02","accessed":"2026-11-02","container":""},{"year":2018,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Interior_of_Third-Class_Carriage_-_National_Transport_Museum_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_(42347216854).jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada / Wikimedia Commons","id":"src.rail.photo.interior","authors":["Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada / Wikimedia Commons"],"title":"Wooden benches inside a museum carriage. Museum interior; the photographer describes a third-class carriage. 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