{"version":2,"locale":"en","id":"story.rogozen-treasure","hasFind":true,"slug":"rogozen-treasure","url":"/en/stories/rogozen-treasure/","topic":"Rogozen Treasure","title":"Who hid 165 silver vessels?","summary":"A garden channel reveals the first vessels. Archaeologists find another hundred. Shapes, images and inscriptions help explain the find, but leave questions about its owner.","cover":{"title":"Who hid 165 silver vessels?","subtitle":"The two Rogozen pits and the names on the silver","hook":"Who owned the silver, and why was it buried?","summary":"A garden channel reveals the first vessels. Archaeologists find another hundred. Shapes, images and inscriptions help explain the find, but leave questions about its owner.","takeaway":"An inscribed name is evidence for a vessel’s history; it does not establish the final owner of the whole collection."},"sortYear":-350,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.antiquity","styleId":"antiquity","sortOrder":6,"title":"Antiquity: Thracians, Greeks, Romans","dateLabel":"1st millennium BC – 6th century AD","eraShort":"Antiquity","slug":"antiquity","fill":"#D4CBBE","ink":"#221616","raised":"#DAD3C8","dark":"#6B6862"},"epochId":"epoch.antiquity","placeShort":"Rogozen","date":"5th–4th c. BCE","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-480.ea8a48ac.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-1372.ea8a48ac.avif","w":1372}],"dominant":"#745f46","h":2311,"w":1372,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.webp","id":"asset.rog.lion-jug-cutout","alt":"Cut-out detail; background removed. The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","objectCaption":"Silver jug","caption":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"rogozen-treasure.s1-garden","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"A channel reaches silver","body":"In 1985 a man digs a water channel in his vegetable garden in Rogozen, in the Vratsa region. Along with earth, he finds silver vessels. The archaeologists’ account names him as tractor driver Ivan Dimitrov. This first group contains 65 vessels, buried about half a metre deep.\n\nDimitrov tells the mayor, who informs the museum in Vratsa. Rescue excavation begins: archaeologists investigate to preserve both the objects and the evidence around them.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-480.b55b5f44.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-1600.b55b5f44.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#514b3c","h":2400,"w":1800,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.webp","id":"asset.rog.lion-jug","alt":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","objectCaption":"Silver jug","caption":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":29.933875,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.s1-garden","duration":30.037,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/s1-garden.4fc25441.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.discovery1988"},{"id":"src.rog.bnr2026"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.s2-two-pits","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Another hundred, five metres away","body":"On 6 January 1986 the archaeologists discover a second pit. It lies five metres northwest of the first. Inside are another 100 silver vessels. Together the two groups make 165.\n\nThere are no traces of a grave or ancient settlement in the first pit. So we cannot say the vessels were gifts for a dead person. Rogozen is the place of discovery. Vratsa is the city of the museum whose archaeologists investigate the find.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-case-480.0fee2b6a.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-case-960.0fee2b6a.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-case-1200.0fee2b6a.avif","w":1200}],"dominant":"#878d89","h":1600,"w":1200,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-case-960.0fee2b6a.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-case-960.0fee2b6a.webp","id":"asset.rog.case","alt":"The case and transparent supports are modern. The vessels are arranged for display, not as they lay in the pits.","objectCaption":"The case and transparent supports are modern. The vessels are arranged for display, not as they lay in the pits.","caption":"The case and transparent supports are modern. The vessels are arranged for display, not as they lay in the pits.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vratsa-museum-Rogozen-treasure-20.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"The point represents the village. The two ancient pits lay in a garden in its central part.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.rogozen","name":"Rogozen — village of discovery","latitude":43.519388,"longitude":23.706598,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1200,"sourceIds":["src.rog.wikidata-rogozen","src.rog.discovery1988"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"rog.rogozen","url":"/en/map/#rog.rogozen"},{"note":"Museum custody and display of the find.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.vratsa-museum","name":"Regional History Museum — Vratsa","latitude":43.2007599,"longitude":23.5476378,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.rog.osm-vratsa","src.rog.bnr2026","src.rog.museum-room"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/place/#vratsa-history-museum","slug":"rog.vratsa-museum","url":"/en/map/#rog.vratsa-museum"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-1536.8876519a.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-2048.4c826249.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-3x-3072.8876519a.avif","w":3072}]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/relief-dark@3x.jpg?v=0941a59d06","w":3072,"h":1987,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-1024.73ab39a9.avif","w":1024},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-1536.4f3ca147.avif","w":1536},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-2x-2048.73ab39a9.avif","w":2048},{"src":"/media/map/map-relief-dark-3x-3072.4f3ca147.avif","w":3072}]},"places":[{"note":"The point represents the village. The two ancient pits lay in a garden in its central part.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.rogozen","name":"Rogozen — village of discovery","latitude":43.519388,"longitude":23.706598,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1200,"sourceIds":["src.rog.wikidata-rogozen","src.rog.discovery1988"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"rog.rogozen","url":"/en/map/#rog.rogozen","number":1,"x":27.58247,"y":29.06896,"inside":true,"viewX":34.16667251612904,"viewY":37.26453130322581},{"note":"Museum custody and display of the find.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.vratsa-museum","name":"Regional History Museum — Vratsa","latitude":43.2007599,"longitude":23.5476378,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.rog.osm-vratsa","src.rog.bnr2026","src.rog.museum-room"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/place/#vratsa-history-museum","slug":"rog.vratsa-museum","url":"/en/map/#rog.vratsa-museum","number":2,"x":25.59547,"y":37.54041,"inside":true,"viewX":31.70535638709677,"viewY":48.12438365806453}],"extent":[0,0,1,1],"orientation":[{"name":"Sofia","kind":"town","x":22.774,"y":50.826,"viewX":28.210374193548386,"viewY":65.15565290322583},{"name":"Plovdiv","kind":"town","x":40.566,"y":65.549,"viewX":50.24949677419356,"viewY":84.02958903225807},{"name":"Varna","kind":"town","x":80.184,"y":37.187,"viewX":99.32469677419355,"viewY":47.67133483870968},{"name":"Burgas","kind":"town","x":74.532,"y":55.892,"viewX":92.32350967741935,"viewY":71.64993806451615},{"name":"Ruse","kind":"town","x":55.821,"y":20.617,"viewX":69.14601290322581,"viewY":26.42966387096775},{"name":"Veliko Tarnovo","kind":"town","x":51.465,"y":40.853,"viewX":63.7501935483871,"viewY":52.370910322580656},{"name":"Pleven","kind":"town","x":38.834,"y":31.796,"viewX":48.104051612903234,"viewY":40.7604206451613},{"name":"Stara Zagora","kind":"town","x":51.681,"y":57.962,"viewX":64.01775483870968,"viewY":74.30354451612905},{"name":"Shumen","kind":"town","x":67.951,"y":35.671,"viewX":84.17156129032259,"viewY":45.7279206451613},{"name":"Vidin","kind":"town","x":17.099,"y":16.308,"viewX":21.18069677419355,"viewY":20.905803870967745},{"name":"Blagoevgrad","kind":"town","x":19.929,"y":68.531,"viewX":24.686245161290323,"viewY":87.85232064516131},{"name":"Haskovo","kind":"town","x":50.694,"y":70.78,"viewX":62.79514838709679,"viewY":90.73539354838711},{"name":"Smolyan","kind":"town","x":40.014,"y":80.031,"viewX":49.56572903225807,"viewY":102.59457870967745},{"name":"Sliven","kind":"town","x":60.286,"y":51.247,"viewX":74.67685161290323,"viewY":65.69534774193549},{"name":"Dobrich","kind":"town","x":79.091,"y":27.65,"viewX":97.97078709677419,"viewY":35.445516129032264},{"name":"Pernik","kind":"town","x":19.223,"y":53.257,"viewX":23.811716129032256,"viewY":68.27203806451614},{"name":"Yambol","kind":"town","x":62.544,"y":56.432,"viewX":77.47385806451614,"viewY":72.34218322580647},{"name":"Pazardzhik","kind":"town","x":35.42,"y":64.052,"viewX":43.87509677419355,"viewY":82.11053161290324},{"name":"Vratsa","kind":"town","x":25.661,"y":37.29,"viewX":31.786529032258066,"viewY":47.8033741935484},{"name":"Gabrovo","kind":"town","x":47.734,"y":46.177,"viewX":59.12856774193549,"viewY":59.19593483870968},{"name":"Kardzhali","kind":"town","x":48.471,"y":78.573,"viewX":60.04149677419355,"viewY":100.72551677419357},{"name":"Kyustendil","kind":"town","x":14.889,"y":61.673,"viewX":18.443148387096777,"viewY":79.06080709677421},{"name":"Montana","kind":"town","x":21.563,"y":31.916,"viewX":26.710296774193548,"viewY":40.914252903225815},{"name":"Lovech","kind":"town","x":40.178,"y":39.23,"viewX":49.76887741935484,"viewY":50.29032903225807},{"name":"Silistra","kind":"town","x":72.008,"y":13.056,"viewX":89.1970064516129,"viewY":16.736949677419354},{"name":"Targovishte","kind":"town","x":63.402,"y":36.202,"viewX":78.53667096774194,"viewY":46.40862838709678},{"name":"Razgrad","kind":"town","x":62.709,"y":28.698,"viewX":77.67824516129032,"viewY":36.78898451612904},{"name":"Kazanlak","kind":"town","x":48.661,"y":52.884,"viewX":60.27685161290323,"viewY":67.79387612903227},{"name":"Danube","kind":"nature","x":46.384,"y":23.924,"viewX":57.45630967741936,"viewY":30.66902451612904},{"name":"Black Sea","kind":"nature","x":86.25,"y":45.496,"viewX":106.83870967741937,"viewY":58.322936774193565},{"name":"Balkan Mountains","kind":"nature","x":41.25,"y":49.45,"viewX":51.09677419354839,"viewY":63.39170967741937},{"name":"Rila","kind":"nature","x":25.625,"y":65.69,"viewX":31.741935483870964,"viewY":84.21034193548388},{"name":"Pirin","kind":"nature","x":24.125,"y":75.565,"viewX":29.883870967741938,"viewY":96.86945483870969},{"name":"Rhodope Mountains","kind":"nature","x":38.75,"y":79.447,"viewX":48.00000000000001,"viewY":101.84592838709679},{"name":"Strandzha","kind":"nature","x":76.25,"y":67.774,"viewX":94.45161290322581,"viewY":86.88189548387099}],"crop":{"sx":0.8072916666666666,"sy":0.7800704579768494,"x":0,"y":0},"credit":{"id":"map-relief"}},"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":29.388208333333335,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.s2-two-pits","duration":29.483,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/s2-two-pits.dc24155f.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.discovery1988"},{"id":"src.rog.society1987"},{"id":"src.rog.wikidata-rogozen"},{"id":"src.rog.osm-vratsa"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.s3-bowl","number":3,"kind":"artifact","title":"A bowl with a raised centre","body":"A phiale is an open bowl. The raised part at the centre of its base is called an omphalos. In the photograph, silver and gold-coloured patterns alternate around it. This is gilding: a thin layer of gold over silver, rather than a solid gold vessel.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-omphalos-bowl-480.f9fe448d.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-omphalos-bowl-960.f9fe448d.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-omphalos-bowl-1600.f9fe448d.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#5e5338","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-omphalos-bowl-960.f9fe448d.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-omphalos-bowl-960.f9fe448d.webp","id":"asset.rog.omphalos-bowl","alt":"An open bowl with a raised centre, called an omphalos. Silver and gold-coloured patterns alternate around it.","objectCaption":"An open bowl with a raised centre, called an omphalos. Silver and gold-coloured patterns alternate around it.","caption":"An open bowl with a raised centre, called an omphalos. Silver and gold-coloured patterns alternate around it.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_omphalos_bowl_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"hrog-omphalos-bowl-umbo","x":0.51,"y":0.53,"title":"Omphalos","body":"An omphalos is the raised boss at the centre of a phiale’s base.","sourceIds":["src.rog.museum-detail","src.rog.photo03"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"hrog-omphalos-bowl-gold","x":0.35,"y":0.43,"title":"Gilded ornament","body":"The gold-coloured areas are gilding over silver. They do not make the entire vessel gold.","sourceIds":["src.rog.museum-detail","src.rog.photo03"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"hrog-omphalos-bowl-rim","x":0.18,"y":0.91,"title":"Bowl rim","body":"The rim surrounds an open bowl. This is a phiale, rather than a narrow-necked jug.","sourceIds":["src.rog.museum-detail","src.rog.photo03"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":16.40825,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.s3-bowl","duration":16.512,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/s3-bowl.e41aa018.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.phialae1988"},{"id":"src.rog.discovery1988"},{"id":"src.rog.society1987"},{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.photo03"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.s4-lion","number":4,"kind":"artifact","title":"The lion on the jug","body":"This jug has a narrow neck and a side handle. On its body a lion attacks a hind, a female deer. The craftsperson made both mane and legs visible on a small curved surface. Other images show human figures and winged creatures.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-480.b55b5f44.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-1600.b55b5f44.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#514b3c","h":2400,"w":1800,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.webp","id":"asset.rog.lion-jug","alt":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","objectCaption":"Silver jug","caption":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"hrog-lion-jug-lion","x":0.48,"y":0.61,"title":"Lion","body":"The lion is above the hind. The decoration rises above the surface: this is called relief. Short lines outline its mane.","sourceIds":["src.rog.jugs1988","src.rog.photo06"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"hrog-lion-jug-hind","x":0.27,"y":0.54,"title":"Hind","body":"The hind is the animal attacked by the lion in this scene on the vessel.","sourceIds":["src.rog.museum-detail","src.rog.photo06"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"hrog-lion-jug-handle","x":0.89,"y":0.2,"title":"Handle","body":"The handle curves along the jug’s side. It is used to hold the vessel.","sourceIds":["src.rog.photo06"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":14.898916666666667,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.s4-lion","duration":15.019,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/s4-lion.f780aeaa.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.jugs1988"},{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.photo01"},{"id":"src.rog.photo02"},{"id":"src.rog.photo04"},{"id":"src.rog.photo05"},{"id":"src.rog.photo06"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.a1-bowl","number":5,"kind":"activity","title":"Point to the bowl","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.rog.instory-bowl","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Which description fits the photographed phiale?","sourceIds":["src.rog.museum-detail","src.rog.photo03"],"items":[{"id":"opt-bowl","label":"An open bowl with a central boss."},{"id":"opt-jug","label":"A narrow-necked jug with a side handle.","whyWrong":"The narrow neck and handle describe the jug in S4, not this bowl."},{"id":"opt-gold","label":"A vessel made entirely of solid gold.","whyWrong":"Gilding is a coating on silver; the vessel is not solid gold."}],"explanation":"The boss is the visible raised centre of the open bowl’s base.","correctItemId":"opt-bowl","sources":[{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.photo03"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.1380416666666666,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.a1-bowl","duration":3.243,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/a1-bowl.fedebb54.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.photo03"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.s5-names","number":6,"kind":"narrative","title":"Disloyas’s signature","body":"Some vessels have inscriptions in Greek. They contain names of people and settlements. Disloyas is read as a maker’s name.\n\nA name can tell part of a vessel’s story. It does not show who last owned all the vessels.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-figure-jug-480.c1eaa510.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-figure-jug-960.c1eaa510.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-figure-jug-1173.c1eaa510.avif","w":1173}],"dominant":"#6e6651","h":1600,"w":1173,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-figure-jug-960.c1eaa510.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-figure-jug-960.c1eaa510.webp","id":"asset.rog.figure-jug","alt":"A silver jug with a handle, human figure and animal heads. The figure’s identity cannot be established from the photograph alone.","objectCaption":"A silver jug with a handle, human figure and animal heads. The figure’s identity cannot be established from the photograph alone.","caption":"A silver jug with a handle, human figure and animal heads. The figure’s identity cannot be established from the photograph alone.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":13.111,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.s5-names","duration":13.227,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/s5-names.54bea4c7.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.fol1988"},{"id":"src.rog.phialae1988"},{"id":"src.rog.epigraphy1988"},{"id":"src.rog.conclusion1988"},{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.museum-room"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.a2-discovery-order","number":7,"kind":"activity","title":"Activity: the path to the second pit","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.rog.instory-order","kind":"sequence","prompt":"Put these actions in order, earliest first.","sourceIds":["src.rog.discovery1988","src.rog.bnr2026"],"items":[{"id":"ev-65","label":"The initial vessels are found."},{"id":"ev-mayor","label":"The mayor informs the museum."},{"id":"ev-excavate","label":"Archaeologists begin excavation."},{"id":"ev-100","label":"The remaining vessels are found."}],"explanation":"The chance find leads to the museum being notified. Excavation begins before the second group is found on 6 January 1986.","correctOrderIds":["ev-65","ev-mayor","ev-excavate","ev-100"],"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.discovery1988"},{"id":"src.rog.bnr2026"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.648875,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.a2-discovery-order","duration":3.755,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/a2-discovery-order.3781db9f.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.discovery1988"},{"id":"src.rog.bnr2026"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.s6-why-hidden","number":8,"kind":"narrative","title":"Why did the silver stay underground?","body":"One explanation is that the vessels were hidden during military danger. Another explanation is that burying them was an offering to a goddess. These are interpretations. Our sources give no account from the person who buried them. We do not know why that person never came back for them.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-room-480.26244bf9.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-room-960.26244bf9.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-room-1600.26244bf9.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#93948d","h":873,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-room-960.26244bf9.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-room-960.26244bf9.webp","id":"asset.rog.room","alt":"A photograph of the museum room in 2008. The glass cases document the find’s later museum history.","objectCaption":"A photograph of the museum room in 2008. The glass cases document the find’s later museum history.","caption":"A photograph of the museum room in 2008. The glass cases document the find’s later museum history.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vratsa-museum-Rogozen-treasure-22.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Museum custody and display of the find.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.vratsa-museum","name":"Regional History Museum — Vratsa","latitude":43.2007599,"longitude":23.5476378,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.rog.osm-vratsa","src.rog.bnr2026","src.rog.museum-room"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/place/#vratsa-history-museum","slug":"rog.vratsa-museum","url":"/en/map/#rog.vratsa-museum"},{"note":"The National History Museum in Sofia is associated with the preservation and presentation of the Panagyurishte treasure.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.panag.nhm-sofia","name":"National History Museum, Sofia","latitude":42.655,"longitude":23.2708,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.panag.wd-museum","src.panag.tourism","src.rog.wikidata-sofia","src.rog.bnr2026"],"short":"Sofia","guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/places/national-history-museum/","slug":"panag.nhm-sofia","url":"/en/map/#panag.nhm-sofia"}],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":17.371875,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.s6-why-hidden","duration":17.493,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/s6-why-hidden.02c4deba.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.discovery1988"},{"id":"src.rog.fol1988"},{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.museum-room"},{"id":"src.rog.bnr2026"},{"id":"src.rog.photo08"}]},{"id":"rogozen-treasure.a3-matching","number":9,"kind":"activity","title":"Match the vessels and signature","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.rog.instory-matching","kind":"matching","prompt":"Match each name to its evidence in the story.","sourceIds":["src.rog.museum-detail","src.rog.epigraphy1988","src.rog.photo06"],"items":[{"id":"m-phiale","label":"Phiale","pairedLabel":"Open bowl with a central boss"},{"id":"m-jug","label":"Lion jug","pairedLabel":"Narrow neck and side handle"},{"id":"m-maker","label":"Disloyas","pairedLabel":"Name read as a maker’s signature"}],"explanation":"Shape distinguishes the phiale from the jug. Disloyas’s signature is written evidence about making, not a vessel name.","sources":[{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.epigraphy1988"},{"id":"src.rog.photo06"}],"columns":["Item","Description"]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.1147916666666666,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"en_US-ljspeech-high","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.en.rogozen-treasure.rogozen-treasure.a3-matching","duration":3.243,"src":"/audio/en/rogozen-treasure/a3-matching.c404423c.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.rog.museum-detail"},{"id":"src.rog.epigraphy1988"},{"id":"src.rog.photo06"}]}],"minutes":3,"sources":[{"year":2026,"url":"https://bnrnews.bg/radiobulgaria/post/422103/rogozenskoto-sakrovishte-veche-chetiri-desetiletiya-razkazva-za-zhivota-na-trakite","institutionOrAuthor":"Иво Иванов; интервю с археолога Нарцис Торбов","id":"src.rog.bnr2026","title":"Рогозенското съкровище вече четири десетилетия разказва за живота на траките","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"БНР — Радио България","supports":{"en":"First discovery in 1985; some vessels in National History Museum Sofia, others in Vratsa; no established palace."},"authors":["Иво Иванов; интервю с археолога Нарцис Торбов"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"institutionOrAuthor":"bg","title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":1988,"url":"https://www.kroraina.com/thracia/rogoz/rog_zakl.html","institutionOrAuthor":"Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов","id":"src.rog.conclusion1988","title":"Рогозенското тракийско съкровище — Заключение","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Тракийското съкровище от Рогозен. София: Издателство на Българската академия на науките; научен редактор Иван Маразов. Дигитална транскрипция: kroraina.com","supports":{"en":"Hypothesis of wealthy local ruling family, explicitly distinguished from Triballian royal court."},"authors":["Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":1988,"url":"https://www.kroraina.com/thracia/rogoz/rog_1.html","institutionOrAuthor":"Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов","id":"src.rog.discovery1988","title":"Рогозенското тракийско съкровище — Откриване","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Тракийското съкровище от Рогозен. София: Издателство на Българската академия на науките; научен редактор Иван Маразов. Дигитална транскрипция: kroraina.com","supports":{"en":"Excavators’ account: two pits, first 65 vessels, 100 on 6 January 1986; no ancient burial traces at first pit."},"authors":["Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":1988,"url":"https://www.persee.fr/doc/reg_0035-2039_1988_num_101_482_1543?pageId=T2_336","institutionOrAuthor":"Michel Sève (notices 259–261); collective bulletin by Philippe Gauthier, Georges Rougemont, Jean Bousquet, Simone Follet, Laurent Dubois, Olivier Masson, Bruno Helly, Pierre Cabanes, Miltiades B. Hatzopoulos, Jacques Tréheux, Monique Bile, Charlotte Rouéché, Jean Bingen, Catherine Dobias-Lalou","id":"src.rog.epigraphy1988","title":"Bulletin épigraphique, notices 259–261","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Revue des Études Grecques","supports":{"en":"Royal versus local-prince readings of Kotys and Kersebleptes; Disloyas signature; inscription-count differences."},"volume":"101","issue":"482–484","pages":"293–491 (used p. 336)","doi":"10.3406/reg.1988.1543","authors":["Michel Sève (notices 259–261); collective bulletin by Philippe Gauthier, Georges Rougemont, Jean Bousquet, Simone Follet, Laurent Dubois, Olivier Masson, Bruno Helly, Pierre Cabanes, Miltiades B. Hatzopoulos, Jacques Tréheux, Monique Bile, Charlotte Rouéché, Jean Bingen, Catherine Dobias-Lalou"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":1988,"url":"https://www.kroraina.com/thracia/rogoz/rog_vyved.html","institutionOrAuthor":"Александър Фол","id":"src.rog.fol1988","title":"Въведение в проблематиката","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Тракийското съкровище от Рогозен. София: Издателство на Българската академия на науките; научен редактор Иван Маразов. Дигитална транскрипция: kroraina.com","supports":{"en":"Greek-language inscriptions, Kotys and Kersebleptes, maker Disloyas; ritual-deposition hypothesis."},"authors":["Александър Фол"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"institutionOrAuthor":"bg","title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":1988,"url":"https://www.kroraina.com/thracia/rogoz/rog_3.html","institutionOrAuthor":"Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов","id":"src.rog.jugs1988","title":"Рогозенското тракийско съкровище — Кани","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Тракийското съкровище от Рогозен. София: Издателство на Българската академия на науките; научен редактор Иван Маразов. Дигитална транскрипция: kroraina.com","supports":{"en":"54 jugs, gilding, assembled parts, animal and human imagery."},"authors":["Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.vratsamuseum.com/en/rtr-en/","institutionOrAuthor":"Регионален исторически музей — Враца","id":"src.rog.museum-detail","title":"Рогозенското съкровище / The Treasure of Rogozen","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Composition, about 20 kg, omphalos; museum interpretations of Triballian ownership, gathering over generations (late fifth–last quarter fourth century BCE), danger and ritual."},"authors":["Регионален исторически музей — Враца"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"title":"bg"},"container":""},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.vratsamuseum.com/en/the-rogozen-treasure-room-exhibition/","institutionOrAuthor":"Регионален исторически музей — Враца","id":"src.rog.museum-room","title":"The “Rogozen Treasure” Room Exhibition","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Vratsa exhibition; interpretation of a royal family service added to from the late sixth to the fourth century BCE. This dates collecting, not manufacture."},"authors":["Регионален исторически музей — Враца"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","container":""},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/2549846342","institutionOrAuthor":"OpenStreetMap contributors","id":"src.rog.osm-vratsa","title":"Регионален исторически музей — Враца, node 2549846342","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"OpenStreetMap / Nominatim","supports":{"en":"Map point for the Vratsa museum."},"authors":["OpenStreetMap contributors"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":1988,"url":"https://www.kroraina.com/thracia/rogoz/rog_2.html","institutionOrAuthor":"Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов","id":"src.rog.phialae1988","title":"Рогозенското тракийско съкровище — Фиали","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Тракийското съкровище от Рогозен. София: Издателство на Българската академия на науките; научен редактор Иван Маразов. Дигитална транскрипция: kroraina.com","supports":{"en":"108 phiales, multiple workshops, personal and place names, disputed royal identification; Dizloyas as maker."},"authors":["Богдан Николов; Спас Машов; Пламен Иванов"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","fieldLanguages":{"title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_Gilt_Silver_vessel_5th%E2%80%934th_centuries_BCE_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones","id":"src.rog.photo01","title":"File:Thracian Gilt Silver vessel 5th–4th centuries BCE Rogozen Treasure Vratsa Bulgaria MH.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","authors":["Adam Jones"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_Gilt_silver_vessel_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_by_MH_02.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones","id":"src.rog.photo02","title":"File:Thracian Gilt silver vessel Rogozen Treasure Vratsa Bulgaria by MH 02.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","authors":["Adam Jones"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_omphalos_bowl_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones","id":"src.rog.photo03","title":"File:Thracian gilt silver omphalos bowl Rogozen Treasure Vratsa Bulgaria MH.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","authors":["Adam Jones"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones","id":"src.rog.photo04","title":"File:Thracian gilt silver pitcher Rogozen Treasure Vratsa Bulgaria MH.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","authors":["Adam Jones"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH_01.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones","id":"src.rog.photo05","title":"File:Thracian gilt silver pitcher Rogozen Treasure Vratsa Bulgaria MH 01.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","authors":["Adam Jones"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Adam Jones","id":"src.rog.photo06","title":"File:Thracian gilt silver pitcher lion attacking a deer Rogozen Treasure Vratsa Bulgaria MH.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","authors":["Adam Jones"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vratsa-museum-Rogozen-treasure-22.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia","id":"src.rog.photo08","title":"File:Vratsa-museum-Rogozen-treasure-22.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Visible photographic details and photograph licensing."},"license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","authors":["Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":1987,"url":"https://www.persee.fr/doc/bsnaf_0081-1181_1987_num_1986_1_11558","institutionOrAuthor":"Société nationale des Antiquaires de France (minutes; presentation by Georges St. Popov)","id":"src.rog.society1987","title":"Vie de la société — Séance du 25 juin","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","container":"Bulletin de la Société nationale des Antiquaires de France","supports":{"en":"Independent early record of 108 phiales, 54 jugs, three cups; names and contextual uncertainty."},"volume":"1986","pages":"152","authors":["Société nationale des Antiquaires de France (minutes; presentation by Georges St. Popov)"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2654841","institutionOrAuthor":"Wikimedia geographical database contributors","id":"src.rog.wikidata-rogozen","title":"Rogozen — village of discovery: geographical record","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","supports":{"en":"Modern village coordinates, not the find pits."},"authors":["Wikimedia geographical database contributors"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","container":""}],"credits":[{"id":"asset.rog.lion-jug-cutout","src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.webp","alt":"Cut-out detail; background removed. The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","w":1372,"h":2311,"caption":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}},{"id":"asset.rog.lion-jug","src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-960.b55b5f44.webp","alt":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","w":1800,"h":2400,"caption":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}},{"id":"asset.rog.case","src":"/media/asset-rog-case-960.0fee2b6a.webp","alt":"The case and transparent supports are modern. The vessels are arranged for display, not as they lay in the pits.","w":1200,"h":1600,"caption":"The case and transparent supports are modern. The vessels are arranged for display, not as they lay in the pits.","credit":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vratsa-museum-Rogozen-treasure-20.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}},{"id":"asset.rog.omphalos-bowl","src":"/media/asset-rog-omphalos-bowl-960.f9fe448d.webp","alt":"An open bowl with a raised centre, called an omphalos. Silver and gold-coloured patterns alternate around it.","w":2400,"h":1800,"caption":"An open bowl with a raised centre, called an omphalos. Silver and gold-coloured patterns alternate around it.","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_omphalos_bowl_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}},{"id":"asset.rog.figure-jug","src":"/media/asset-rog-figure-jug-960.c1eaa510.webp","alt":"A silver jug with a handle, human figure and animal heads. The figure’s identity cannot be established from the photograph alone.","w":1173,"h":1600,"caption":"A silver jug with a handle, human figure and animal heads. The figure’s identity cannot be established from the photograph alone.","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}},{"id":"asset.rog.room","src":"/media/asset-rog-room-960.26244bf9.webp","alt":"A photograph of the museum room in 2008. The glass cases document the find’s later museum history.","w":1600,"h":873,"caption":"A photograph of the museum room in 2008. The glass cases document the find’s later museum history.","credit":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Vassia Atanassova - Spiritia, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Museum display, 2008; not an excavation photograph. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vratsa-museum-Rogozen-treasure-22.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}},{"id":"map-relief","src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","thumb":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","alt":"Geographic context, without historical borders","w":3072,"h":1987,"caption":"","kindLabel":"Geographic context, without historical borders","visibleKind":"Geographic context, without historical borders","credit":"Tom Patterson · Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso · Public domain · Natural Earth","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Tom Patterson · Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso","attributionParts":null,"sourceUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-raster-data/10m-gray-earth/","licenseUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"}}],"places":[{"note":"The point represents the village. The two ancient pits lay in a garden in its central part.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.rogozen","name":"Rogozen — village of discovery","latitude":43.519388,"longitude":23.706598,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1200,"sourceIds":["src.rog.wikidata-rogozen","src.rog.discovery1988"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"rog.rogozen","url":"/en/map/#rog.rogozen"},{"note":"The National History Museum in Sofia is associated with the preservation and presentation of the Panagyurishte treasure.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.panag.nhm-sofia","name":"National History Museum, Sofia","latitude":42.655,"longitude":23.2708,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.panag.wd-museum","src.panag.tourism","src.rog.wikidata-sofia","src.rog.bnr2026"],"short":"Sofia","guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/places/national-history-museum/","slug":"panag.nhm-sofia","url":"/en/map/#panag.nhm-sofia"},{"note":"Museum custody and display of the find.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.rog.vratsa-museum","name":"Regional History Museum — Vratsa","latitude":43.2007599,"longitude":23.5476378,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":100,"sourceIds":["src.rog.osm-vratsa","src.rog.bnr2026","src.rog.museum-room"],"guideUrl":"https://travel-guide-bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/place/#vratsa-history-museum","slug":"rog.vratsa-museum","url":"/en/map/#rog.vratsa-museum"}],"find":null,"next":[{"storyId":"story.sveshtari-tomb","title":"Ten women beneath the stone ceiling","topic":"Sveshtari","eyebrow":"Sveshtari","url":"/en/stories/sveshtari-tomb/","reason":"Compare how objects express wealth and power.","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-svesh-chamber-cutout-480.09550959.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-svesh-chamber-cutout-960.09550959.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-svesh-chamber-cutout-1600.09550959.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#a2784b","h":781,"w":1815,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-svesh-chamber-cutout-960.09550959.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-svesh-chamber-cutout-960.09550959.webp","id":"asset.svesh.chamber-cutout","alt":"Cut-out detail; background removed. The original burial chamber in its present setting: stone female figures, beds and a faint painting above them. Lighting is modern.","objectCaption":"Chamber with caryatids","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Interact-Bulgaria · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Interact-Bulgaria. Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. The original burial chamber in its present setting: stone female figures, beds and a faint painting above them. Lighting is modern. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Interact-Bulgaria. Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. The original burial chamber in its present setting: stone female figures, beds and a faint painting above them. Lighting is modern. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thomb-Sveshtari-2.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"minutes":3,"sceneCount":9},{"storyId":"story.kazanlak-tomb","title":"Hands beneath the dome","topic":"Kazanlak Tomb","eyebrow":"Kazanlak Tomb · Kazanlak","url":"/en/stories/kazanlak-tomb/","reason":"","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-kazan-jug-cutout-480.02e7401c.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-kazan-jug-cutout-960.02e7401c.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-kazan-jug-cutout-1349.02e7401c.avif","w":1349}],"dominant":"#67503a","h":1843,"w":1349,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-kazan-jug-cutout-960.02e7401c.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-kazan-jug-cutout-960.02e7401c.webp","id":"asset.kazan.jug-cutout","alt":"A jug in a museum display, isolated from the photograph. Its association with the tomb is unconfirmed.","objectCaption":"Silver jug","caption":"Silver jug with gilded decoration, museum display","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"SashaCoachman · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: SashaCoachman; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"SashaCoachman; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jug.JPG","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"},"minutes":5,"sceneCount":9},{"storyId":"story.panagyurishte-treasure","title":"Gold from the clay pit","topic":"Panagyurishte Treasure","eyebrow":"Panagyurishte Treasure · Panagyurishte","url":"/en/stories/panagyurishte-treasure/","reason":"","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-panag-ram-cutout-480.cb11f93e.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-panag-ram-cutout-960.cb11f93e.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-panag-ram-cutout-1600.cb11f93e.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#926643","h":1740,"w":2077,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-panag-ram-cutout-960.cb11f93e.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-panag-ram-cutout-960.cb11f93e.webp","id":"asset.panag.ram-cutout","alt":"A ram-headed rhyton isolated from a museum photograph. Original versus display copy is unconfirmed.","objectCaption":"Ram-head rhyton","caption":"Ram-head rhyton. Dionysos, Eriope and two maenads are depicted on the neck. Museum display. It has not been confirmed whether the photographed object is the original or a museum replica.","kindLabel":"Photo","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Apostoloff · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Apostoloff, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 Cut-out detail; background removed. Museum display; original or replica unconfirmed","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Apostoloff, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 Cut-out detail; background removed. Museum display; original or replica unconfirmed","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:National_History_Museum,_Sofia,_Bulgaria_20090405_333.JPG","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"},"minutes":5,"sceneCount":9}],"people":[{"id":"person.rogozen-finder","name":"Ivan Dimitrov","url":"/en/people/rogozen-finder/"},{"id":"person.disloyas","name":"Disloyas","url":"/en/people/disloyas/"},{"id":"person.alexander-fol","name":"Alexander Fol","url":"/en/people/alexander-fol/"}],"rulers":[],"status":"draft","fact":{"id":"fact.discover.rogozen-treasure","storyId":"story.rogozen-treasure","factId":"F01","text":"The Rogozen silver was found by chance while digging a channel in a vegetable garden.","sourceIds":["src.rog.discovery1988"]},"collectionFind":{"number":46,"total":59,"title":"Silver jug","dateLabel":"Date not specified","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-480.ea8a48ac.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-1372.ea8a48ac.avif","w":1372}],"dominant":"#745f46","h":2311,"w":1372,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rog-lion-jug-cutout-960.ea8a48ac.webp","id":"asset.rog.lion-jug-cutout","alt":"Cut-out detail; background removed. The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","objectCaption":"Silver jug","caption":"The jug has a narrow neck and side handle. On its body a lion bites a hind.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Images","source":"Open source","full":"Full attribution"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Ancient object in a museum display. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thracian_gilt_silver_pitcher_lion_attacking_a_deer_Rogozen_Treasure_Vratsa_Bulgaria_MH.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"}},"ui":{"web.learnPromo":"Read these stories in Bulgarian — learn the language","web.travelPromo":"Visit this place — Travel Guide Bulgaria","web.autoAdvance":"Auto-advance to the next scene","web.repeatActivities":"Repeat activities","web.shortcuts":"Keyboard shortcuts","web.sceneNavigation":"Previous / next scene","web.findCount":"Found {count} of {total}","web.resumeNarration":"Resume {time}","web.activityLabel":"Activity","web.skippedActivities":"Activities · {count} — start","web.placesCount":"places: {count}","web.moreAnswers":"More answers below","web.playerSceneOf":"Scene {scene} of {total}: {title}","web.closeStory":"Close story","web.imageFit":"Show the whole image","web.activityOf":"Activity · {scene} of {total}","web.activityMoved":"Moved to position {scene} of {total}","web.activityIncomplete":"Connect all pairs","web.seekTen":"Back / forward 10 seconds","web.activityFromScene":"From scene {scene}","web.nextStory":"Next story","web.transcriptRevised":"text revised","action.close":"Close","action.next":"Next","action.retry":"Retry","activity.check":"Check","answer.correct":"Correct","answer.incorrect":"Not quite","audio.backTen":"Back 10 seconds","audio.pause":"Pause","audio.play":"Play narration","audio.seek":"Narration position","audio.speed":"Narration speed","audio.synthetic":"Synthetic voice","audio.unavailable":"Audio is unavailable. The text is here.","bookmark.add":"Save story","bookmark.inSaved":"In Saved","bookmark.remove":"Remove saved story","bookmark.removed":"Bookmark removed","credit.title":"Images","discover.audioMinutes %lld":"%lld min","discover.mapLabel":"Geographic context, without historical borders","player.approximate":"Approximate location","player.back":"Back","player.completed":"A new find for your collection","player.counter %lld %lld":"%1$lld / %2$lld","player.details %lld":"Details (%lld)","player.explanation":"Why is that?","player.finish":"Finish","player.firstCorrect":"✓ Correct on the first attempt","player.firstOther":"The first attempt is recorded. Retrying is practice.","player.interpretation":"Interpretation","player.matchHint":"Tap a term on the left, then a meaning on the right. Tap a connected item to undo.","player.moveDown":"Move down","player.moveUp":"Move up","player.nextDetail":"Next detail","player.previousDetail":"Previous detail","player.related":"Related stories","player.scene %lld":"Part %lld","player.sequenceHint":"Arrange from oldest to newest.","player.showAll":"Show all","player.skip":"Skip","player.sources %lld":"Sources · %lld","player.summary %lld %lld":"Activities: %1$lld of %2$lld correct on the first attempt","player.unpair":"Disconnect pair","player.vitrine":"Go to finds","sources.title":"Sources","story.listen":"Listen","story.sceneCount %lld":{"one":"%lld scene","other":"%lld scenes"},"story.start":"Start","answer.chosen":"Your answer","answer.skipped":"Activity skipped","answer.revealed":"Answer revealed","answer.correctOrder":"Correct order","answer.correctPairs":"Correct pairs","answer.yours.correct":"Your answer · correct","answer.yours.incorrect":"Your answer · incorrect","audio.stop":"Stop listening","Search.search.group.places":"Places","Atlas.zoomIn":"Zoom in","Atlas.zoomOut":"Zoom out"},"promos":{"learn":{"icon":"/media/promo/learn-160.webp","name":"Learn Bulgarian","url":"https://bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/learn-bulgarian/"},"travel":{"icon":"/media/promo/travel-160.webp","name":"Travel Guide Bulgaria","url":"https://bulgaria.zydeno.com/en/travel-guide-bulgaria/"}}}