{"version":2,"locale":"pl","id":"story.apollonia-sozopol","hasFind":true,"slug":"apollonia-sozopol","url":"/pl/stories/apollonia-sozopol/","topic":"Sozopol","title":"Bóg, który opuścił miasto","summary":"Miasto traci swój ogromny posąg. Monety, groby i gliniane figurki pomagają nam zrozumieć, kto żył tu przed jego powstaniem i po jego wywiezieniu.","cover":{"title":"Bóg, który opuścił miasto","subtitle":"Starożytna Apollonia to dzisiejszy Sozopol","hook":"Gdzie jest ogromny Apollo z brązu?","summary":"Miasto traci swój ogromny posąg. Monety, groby i gliniane figurki pomagają nam zrozumieć, kto żył tu przed jego powstaniem i po jego wywiezieniu.","takeaway":"O Apollonii dowiadujemy się ze starożytnych relacji i przedmiotów, ale nie na każde pytanie znamy pewną odpowiedź."},"sortYear":-610,"firstActivity":4,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.antiquity","styleId":"antiquity","sortOrder":6,"title":"Starożytność: Trakowie, Grecy, Rzymianie","dateLabel":"I tysiąclecie p.n.e. – VI wiek n.e.","eraShort":"Starożytność","slug":"antiquity","fill":"#D4CBBE","ink":"#221616","raised":"#DAD3C8","dark":"#6B6862"},"epochId":"epoch.antiquity","placeShort":"Sozopol","date":"ok. 610 p.n.e.","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-alabastron-cutout-480.028bb0d1.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-alabastron-cutout-732.028bb0d1.avif","w":732}],"dominant":"#745239","h":2354,"w":732,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-alabastron-cutout-732.028bb0d1.webp","w":732}],"src":"/media/asset-apol-alabastron-cutout-732.028bb0d1.webp","id":"asset.apol.alabastron-cutout","alt":"Wycięty detal; tło usunięte. Wysokie, wąskie malowane naczynie z ludzką postacią, sfotografowane w muzeum w Sozopolu.","objectCaption":"Alabastron","caption":"Wysokie, wąskie malowane naczynie z ludzką postacią, sfotografowane w muzeum w Sozopolu.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Ilustracje","source":"Otwórz źródło","full":"Pełne informacje o autorstwie"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Zde · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo / digitisation: Zde; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo / digitisation: Zde; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Red-figure_alabastron,_young_soldier,_500_BC,_AM_Sozopol,_Sozm05.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"apollonia-sozopol.s1-bronze-god","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Trzydzieści łokci brązu","body":"Dziś w Sozopolu nie zobaczysz ogromnego Apollina z brązu. Ponad dwa tysiące lat temu wywieziono go do Rzymu. Jak był wysoki? Starożytny tekst podaje trzydzieści łokci, czyli około 13 metrów. Łokieć to dawna miara długości. Jest to przybliżone przeliczenie, a nie pomiar zachowanego posągu. Według innej starożytnej relacji jego twórcą był Kalamis. Posąg stał w sanktuarium Apollina, miejscu kultu boga. Jego imię nosiło samo miasto: Apollonia. Dlaczego ten bóg z brązu znalazł się tak daleko od domu?","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-panorama-480.c0026872.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-panorama-960.c0026872.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-panorama-1600.c0026872.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#648cab","h":305,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-panorama-960.c0026872.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-apol-panorama-960.c0026872.webp","id":"asset.apol.panorama","alt":"Współczesne domy nad skalistym brzegiem Sozopola. To nie jest rekonstrukcja starożytnego miasta.","objectCaption":"Współczesne domy nad skalistym brzegiem Sozopola. To nie jest rekonstrukcja starożytnego miasta.","caption":"Współczesne domy nad skalistym brzegiem Sozopola. To nie jest rekonstrukcja starożytnego miasta.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Ilustracje","source":"Otwórz źródło","full":"Pełne informacje o autorstwie"},"fit":"cover","credit":"(WT-en) B-b-bbird is the word at English Wikivoyage · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Photo / digitisation: (WT-en) B-b-bbird is the word at English Wikivoyage; Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo / digitisation: (WT-en) B-b-bbird is the word at English Wikivoyage; Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Unmodified. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sozopol_panorama_2.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":33.683875,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"pl_PL-gosia-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.pl.apollonia-sozopol.apollonia-sozopol.s1-bronze-god","duration":33.792,"src":"/audio/pl/apollonia-sozopol/s1-bronze-god.76d26acd.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.apol.strabo"},{"id":"src.apol.pliny"},{"id":"src.apol.topography"},{"id":"src.apol.history"}]},{"id":"apollonia-sozopol.s2-milesian-town","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Z Miletu nad Morze Czarne","body":"Zanim powstał posąg, przybyli tu osadnicy z Miletu. Było to greckie miasto na wybrzeżu dzisiejszej Turcji. Około 610 r. p.n.e., pod koniec VII wieku p.n.e., założyli Apollonię. W następnym, VI wieku miasto rozwijało się już nad Morzem Czarnym. Kolonia oznacza tu nową osadę założoną przez przybyszów.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Obszar starożytnego miasta, z którego przybyli osadnicy.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.apol.miletus","name":"Milet","latitude":37.531111,"longitude":27.275556,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.apol.coordinates"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"apol.miletus","url":"/pl/map/#apol.miletus"},{"note":"Obszar miasta, a nie miejsce starożytnej świątyni.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.apol.sozopol","name":"Apolonia / Sozopol","latitude":42.418717,"longitude":27.694322,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.apol.coordinates"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"apol.sozopol","url":"/pl/map/#apol.sozopol"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/story-d68f239a6e1c8f5b.jpg?v=2ae8936185","w":2048,"h":3709,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/story-d68f239a6e1c8f5b-dark.jpg?v=6297ee2835","w":2048,"h":3709,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[]},"places":[{"note":"Obszar starożytnego miasta, z którego przybyli osadnicy.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.apol.miletus","name":"Milet","latitude":37.531111,"longitude":27.275556,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.apol.coordinates"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"apol.miletus","url":"/pl/map/#apol.miletus","number":1,"x":46.73796,"y":78.58837,"inside":true,"viewX":46.73796,"viewY":129.5416202890625},{"note":"Obszar miasta, a nie miejsce starożytnej świątyni.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.apol.sozopol","name":"Apolonia / Sozopol","latitude":42.418717,"longitude":27.694322,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.apol.coordinates"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"apol.sozopol","url":"/pl/map/#apol.sozopol","number":2,"x":53.26204,"y":23.68771,"inside":true,"viewX":53.26204,"viewY":-29.541620289062493}],"extent":[0.3469445000000002,0.04913865355160916,0.8023457499999997,2.24729616229822],"orientation":[{"name":"Płowdiw","kind":"town","x":7.318,"y":26.981,"viewX":7.318,"viewY":-19.998797937499987},{"name":"Warna","kind":"town","x":56.695,"y":14.361,"viewX":56.69499999999999,"viewY":-56.56721981249998},{"name":"Burgas","kind":"town","x":49.652,"y":22.684,"viewX":49.652,"viewY":-32.45002684374998},{"name":"Ruse","kind":"town","x":26.331,"y":6.988,"viewX":26.331,"viewY":-77.93163934374998},{"name":"Wielkie 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Czarne","kind":"nature","x":64.256,"y":18.058,"viewX":64.256,"viewY":-45.85458465624998},{"name":"Stara Płanina","kind":"nature","x":8.17,"y":19.818,"viewX":8.17,"viewY":-40.75470965624998},{"name":"Rodopy","kind":"nature","x":5.055,"y":33.166,"viewX":5.055,"viewY":-2.0767940312499995},{"name":"Strandża","kind":"nature","x":51.793,"y":27.971,"viewX":51.793,"viewY":-17.13011824999998}],"crop":{"sx":1,"sy":0.34510649770827717,"x":0,"y":0.33882715114586137},"credit":{"id":"map-relief"}},"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":22.561541666666667,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"pl_PL-gosia-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.pl.apollonia-sozopol.apollonia-sozopol.s2-milesian-town","duration":22.656,"src":"/audio/pl/apollonia-sozopol/s2-milesian-town.bff079d0.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.apol.strabo"},{"id":"src.apol.topography"},{"id":"src.apol.history"},{"id":"src.apol.coordinates"}]},{"id":"apollonia-sozopol.s3-anchor-coin","number":3,"kind":"artifact","title":"Miasto na monecie","body":"Na zdjęciu widzisz obie strony srebrnej monety. Po lewej jest głowa Apollina, po prawej kotwica. Kotwica jest znakiem Apollonii. Obok niej widać literę A i małego skorupiaka, zwierzę o twardym pancerzu. Możesz rozpoznać miasto, nawet nie odczytując całego napisu. Na monecie kotwica jest znakiem, którym przedstawia się miasto. Występuje też na brązowych monetach z Apollonii. Srebrna moneta na zdjęciu nie pochodzi ze znaleziska, o którym dowiemy się na starożytnym cmentarzu.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-pair-480.68c37b91.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-pair-960.68c37b91.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-pair-1600.68c37b91.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#a4a2a0","h":880,"w":1634,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-pair-960.68c37b91.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-pair-960.68c37b91.webp","id":"asset.apol.coin-pair","alt":"Dwie strony srebrnej monety. Głowa Apollina po lewej; kotwica, A i skorupiak po prawej. To inny przedmiot niż brązowe znalezisko z 2012 roku.","objectCaption":"Dwie strony srebrnej monety. Głowa Apollina po lewej; kotwica, A i skorupiak po prawej. To inny przedmiot niż brązowe znalezisko z 2012 roku.","caption":"Dwie strony srebrnej monety. Głowa Apollina po lewej; kotwica, A i skorupiak po prawej. To inny przedmiot niż brązowe znalezisko z 2012 roku.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Ilustracje","source":"Otwórz źródło","full":"Pełne informacje o autorstwie"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Classical Numismatic Group (CNG), Inc., www.cngcoins.com · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo / digitisation: Classical Numismatic Group (CNG), Inc., www.cngcoins.com; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo / digitisation: Classical Numismatic Group (CNG), Inc., www.cngcoins.com; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Apollonia_Pontica_tetradrachm.jpg","licenseUrl":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-apol-anchor","x":0.807,"y":0.415,"title":"Kotwica","body":"Znak Apolonii. Tutaj kotwica znajduje się na monecie, nie jest przedmiotem morskim naturalnej wielkości.","sourceIds":["src.apol.hoard","src.apol.photo.coin-pair"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-apol-letter","x":0.735,"y":0.537,"title":"Litera A","body":"Litera znajduje się po lewej stronie trzonu kotwicy. Występuje także na brązowych monetach ze znaleziska.","sourceIds":["src.apol.hoard","src.apol.photo.coin-pair"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-apol-crustacean","x":0.891,"y":0.527,"title":"Mały skorupiak","body":"Po prawej stronie kotwicy znajduje się mały skorupiak — zwierzę o twardym pancerzu.","sourceIds":["src.apol.hoard","src.apol.photo.coin-pair"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":31.431541666666668,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"pl_PL-gosia-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.pl.apollonia-sozopol.apollonia-sozopol.s3-anchor-coin","duration":31.531,"src":"/audio/pl/apollonia-sozopol/s3-anchor-coin.7a20f6da.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.apol.hoard"},{"id":"src.apol.history"},{"id":"src.apol.cng"},{"id":"src.apol.photo.coin-pair"}]},{"id":"apollonia-sozopol.a1-anchor","number":4,"kind":"activity","title":"Zadanie: znak miasta","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.apol.anchor","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Który znak na monecie przedstawia Apollonię?","sourceIds":["src.apol.hoard","src.apol.history"],"items":[{"id":"opt-anchor","label":"Kotwica"},{"id":"opt-ship","label":"Cały statek","whyWrong":"Na zdjęciu jest kotwica, a nie cały statek."},{"id":"opt-jug","label":"Dzban","whyWrong":"Dzban to naczynie z kolejnego znaleziska, a nie znak na monecie."}],"explanation":"Kotwica jest znakiem Apollonii na monetach.","correctItemId":"opt-anchor","sources":[{"id":"src.apol.hoard"},{"id":"src.apol.history"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.184458333333333,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"pl_PL-gosia-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.pl.apollonia-sozopol.apollonia-sozopol.a1-anchor","duration":3.285,"src":"/audio/pl/apollonia-sozopol/a1-anchor.2bd627ee.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.apol.hoard"},{"id":"src.apol.history"}]},{"id":"apollonia-sozopol.s4-necropolis","number":5,"kind":"narrative","title":"Dzban przy ogrodzeniu","body":"Nekropolia to starożytny cmentarz. Zdjęcie przedstawia glinianą figurkę w muzeum, a nie wykopaliska. Pod koniec czerwca 2012 r. archeolodzy odkryli na starożytnym cmentarzu mały dzban z 225 brązowymi monetami. Stał przy rogu ogrodzenia. Czasem w grobie zostawiano monetę dla Charona. Według greckich wierzeń ten przewoźnik przeprawiał zmarłych. Tak wielu monet trudno jednak wyjaśnić tym zwyczajem. Archeolodzy przypuszczają, że ktoś ukrył pieniądze i po nie nie wrócił. Nie wiemy, kim był.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-acrobat-480.e838d83f.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-acrobat-960.e838d83f.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-acrobat-1600.e838d83f.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#90836c","h":1289,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-acrobat-960.e838d83f.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-apol-acrobat-960.e838d83f.webp","id":"asset.apol.acrobat","alt":"Mocno wygięta figurka ludzka z wypalonej gliny, sfotografowana w muzeum w Sozopolu. Autor opisuje ją jako akrobatę.","objectCaption":"Mocno wygięta figurka ludzka z wypalonej gliny, sfotografowana w muzeum w Sozopolu. Autor opisuje ją jako akrobatę.","caption":"Mocno wygięta figurka ludzka z wypalonej gliny, sfotografowana w muzeum w Sozopolu. Autor opisuje ją jako akrobatę.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Ilustracje","source":"Otwórz źródło","full":"Pełne informacje o autorstwie"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Zde · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo / digitisation: Zde; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo / digitisation: Zde; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Acrobat,_small_terracotta_figurine,_4th_century_BC,_AM_Sozopol,_Sozm07.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-pitchers-480.4be8b6a4.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-pitchers-960.4be8b6a4.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-pitchers-1600.4be8b6a4.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#796e59","h":1067,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-pitchers-960.4be8b6a4.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-apol-pitchers-960.4be8b6a4.webp","id":"asset.apol.pitchers","alt":"Czarny dzban z wysokim uchwytem przed innymi dzbanami w muzealnej gablocie. To nie jest naczynie z 225 monetami.","objectCaption":"Czarny dzban z wysokim uchwytem przed innymi dzbanami w muzealnej gablocie. To nie jest naczynie z 225 monetami.","caption":"Czarny dzban z wysokim uchwytem przed innymi dzbanami w muzealnej gablocie. To nie jest naczynie z 225 monetami.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Ilustracje","source":"Otwórz źródło","full":"Pełne informacje o autorstwie"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Zde · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo / digitisation: Zde; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo / digitisation: Zde; Wikimedia Commons; CC BY-SA 4.0. Unmodified. 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A potem? Przeczytane źródła nie ustalają, gdzie posąg znajduje się dziś ani jak dokładnie zaginął. Nie możemy wskazać współczesnej gabloty, w której się znajduje. Moneta obok mapy przedstawia stojącą postać, nie jest zdjęciem ogromnego posągu.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-standing-480.4a6537bd.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-standing-960.4a6537bd.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-standing-1600.4a6537bd.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#a2a192","h":1573,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-standing-960.4a6537bd.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-apol-coin-standing-960.4a6537bd.webp","id":"asset.apol.coin-standing","alt":"Stojąca postać ludzka na brązowej monecie z Apolonii. To nie jest wizerunek kotwicy ani zdjęcie kolosa.","objectCaption":"Stojąca postać ludzka na brązowej monecie z Apolonii. To nie jest wizerunek kotwicy ani zdjęcie kolosa.","caption":"Stojąca postać ludzka na brązowej monecie z Apolonii. 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