{"version":2,"locale":"pl","id":"story.bachkovo-monastery","hasFind":true,"slug":"bachkovo-monastery","url":"/pl/stories/bachkovo-monastery/","topic":"Monaster Baczkowski","title":"Grzegorz spisuje regułę","summary":"Grzegorz Pakurianos zakłada monaster i przekazuje mu majątki odziedziczone po bracie Abasiosie. Reguła określa zasady wspólnego życia. Kostnica i późniejsze malowidła uczą nas rozróżniać świadectwa.","cover":{"title":"Grzegorz spisuje regułę","subtitle":"Monaster Baczkowski w 1083 r.","hook":"Jakie zasady Grzegorz pozostawia mnichom?","summary":"Grzegorz Pakurianos zakłada monaster i przekazuje mu majątki odziedziczone po bracie Abasiosie. Reguła określa zasady wspólnego życia. Kostnica i późniejsze malowidła uczą nas rozróżniać świadectwa.","takeaway":"Reguła z 1083 r. jest znana z odpisów. Budynki i malowidła zachowują ślady różnych stuleci."},"sortYear":1083,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.byzantine","styleId":"tsardom1","sortOrder":4,"title":"Panowanie bizantyjskie","dateLabel":"1018–1185","eraShort":"Rządy Bizancjum","slug":"byzantine","fill":"#8E6F5C","ink":"#000000","raised":"#9F8574","dark":"#576A7B"},"epochId":"epoch.byzantine","placeShort":"Baczkowo","date":"1083","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-apse-cutout-480.9a8ec52d.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-apse-cutout-960.9a8ec52d.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-apse-cutout-1543.9a8ec52d.avif","w":1543}],"dominant":"#8c6548","h":2312,"w":1543,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-apse-cutout-960.9a8ec52d.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-apse-cutout-960.9a8ec52d.webp","id":"asset.bac.ossuary-apse-cutout","alt":"Wycięty fotograficzny fragment apsydy ossuarium; nie cały budynek.","objectCaption":"Kostnica","caption":"Półkolista wystająca część kostnicy, zwana apsydą. 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Grzegorz przekazuje monasterowi także majątki odziedziczone po Abasiosie.\n\nW regule Grzegorz nazywa siebie Gruzinem. Monaster jest przeznaczony dla wspólnoty gruzińskiej. Grzegorz sporządza typikon. To reguła — spisane zasady wspólnego życia.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-480.e6b1795f.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-960.e6b1795f.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-1600.e6b1795f.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-2400.e6b1795f.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#74736e","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-960.e6b1795f.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-960.e6b1795f.webp","id":"asset.bac.ossuary","alt":"Kostnica: dwa poziomy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","objectCaption":"Kostnica: dwa poziomy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","caption":"Kostnica: dwa poziomy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Ilustracje","source":"Otwórz źródło","full":"Pełne informacje o autorstwie"},"fit":"cover","credit":"Todor Bozhinov / Тодор Божинов · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: Todor Bozhinov / Тодор Божинов, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Todor Bozhinov / Тодор Божинов, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified. 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Wszyscy mają jeść razem. Nikt, nawet ihumen, nie powinien dostawać lepszego chleba ani wina. Chorym i bardzo starym wolno udzielać potrzebnej pomocy.\n\nNie oznacza to równości we wszystkim. Kwoty na ubrania i buty różnią się zależnie od miejsca we wspólnocie. To spisane zasady, a nie dowód, że wszyscy zawsze ich przestrzegali.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-side-480.3ba45acd.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-side-960.3ba45acd.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-side-1600.3ba45acd.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#847361","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-side-960.3ba45acd.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-side-960.3ba45acd.webp","id":"asset.bac.ossuary-side","alt":"Boczna ściana kostnicy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","objectCaption":"Boczna ściana kostnicy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","caption":"Boczna ściana kostnicy. 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Według jednej z interpretacji obraz łączy kości z chrześcijańską nadzieją na zmartwychwstanie, czyli powrót zmarłych do życia. Nie wiemy na pewno, kiedy zbudowano kostnicę.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-480.e6b1795f.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-960.e6b1795f.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-1600.e6b1795f.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-2400.e6b1795f.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#74736e","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-960.e6b1795f.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-bac-ossuary-960.e6b1795f.webp","id":"asset.bac.ossuary","alt":"Kostnica: dwa poziomy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","objectCaption":"Kostnica: dwa poziomy. Współczesne zdjęcie.","caption":"Kostnica: dwa poziomy. 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