{"version":2,"locale":"ru","id":"story.vazov-under-the-yoke","hasFind":true,"slug":"vazov-under-the-yoke","url":"/ru/stories/vazov-under-the-yoke/","topic":"Иван Вазов","title":"Почему Вазов пишет «Под игом» вдали от дома?","summary":"Вазов начинает «Под игом» в Одессе. Семейный ужин и школьный экзамен знакомят нас с Бялой Черквой перед восстанием. Позднее роман помогает восстановить его родной дом.","cover":{"title":"Почему Вазов пишет «Под игом» вдали от дома?","subtitle":"Вазов пишет в Одессе и вспоминает Сопот","hook":"Почему Вазов начинает «Под игом» в Одессе?","summary":"Вазов начинает «Под игом» в Одессе. Семейный ужин и школьный экзамен знакомят нас с Бялой Черквой перед восстанием. Позднее роман помогает восстановить его родной дом.","takeaway":"Можно сравнить роман и восстановленный дом: оба опираются на воспоминания."},"sortYear":1894,"firstActivity":5,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.revival","styleId":"revival","sortOrder":1,"title":"Возрождение и Освобождение","dateLabel":"XVIII–XIX века","eraShort":"Возрождение","slug":"revival","fill":"#B9A48E","ink":"#221616","raised":"#C4B29F","dark":"#77654D"},"epochId":"epoch.revival","placeShort":"Сопот и Одесса","date":"1887–1894","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-cutout-480.5007b5ff.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-cutout-960.5007b5ff.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-cutout-1600.5007b5ff.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#6a5a49","h":2180,"w":1672,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-cutout-960.5007b5ff.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-cutout-960.5007b5ff.webp","id":"asset.vaz.portrait-cutout","alt":"Вырезанный фрагмент с удалённым фоном. Иван Вазов. Архивный портрет, дата неизвестна.","objectCaption":"«Под игом»","caption":"","kindLabel":"Архив","kind":"archive","visibleKind":"Архив","creditLabels":{"title":"Изображения","source":"Открыть источник","full":"Полные сведения об авторстве"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Неизвестный автор · Public domain · Государственное агентство архивов Болгарии / Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Unknown author; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons. BASA 937K-1-410-7. Public domain. Crop supplied by Commons; unchanged here. Cut-out detail; background removed. Archival photograph","attributionParts":[{"text":"Unknown author; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons. BASA 937K-1-410-7. Public domain. Crop supplied by Commons; unchanged here. Cut-out detail; background removed. Archival photograph","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BASA-937K-1-410-7-Ivan_Vazov_(cropped).JPG","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/"},"scenes":[{"id":"vazov-under-the-yoke.s1-far-from-home","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Вазов пишет вдали от дома","body":"В Одессе Иван Вазов начинает роман о людях на родине. Идёт 1887 год. Он политический эмигрант: он покинул Болгарию из-за преследований людей его убеждений. Вазов поддерживает близкие отношения с Россией. В Болгарии тогда идут острые споры об этих отношениях.\n\nПозднее писатель рассказывает, что ему тяжело без родины. Работая над книгой, он мысленно возвращается к дворам и людям Сопота. Так он сам описывает своё вдохновение. Это его воспоминание, записанное спустя годы после работы над романом.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-480.0fedac15.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-960.0fedac15.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-1115.0fedac15.avif","w":1115}],"dominant":"#4a4538","h":1600,"w":1115,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-960.0fedac15.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vaz-portrait-960.0fedac15.webp","id":"asset.vaz.portrait","alt":"Иван Вазов. Архивный портрет, дата неизвестна.","objectCaption":"«Под игом»","caption":"","kindLabel":"Архив","kind":"archive","visibleKind":"Архив","creditLabels":{"title":"Изображения","source":"Открыть источник","full":"Полные сведения об авторстве"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Неизвестный автор · Public domain · Государственное агентство архивов Болгарии / Wikimedia Commons","license":"Public domain","attribution":"Unknown author; Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons. BASA 937K-1-410-7. 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Создавая его, Вазов использует воспоминания о Сопоте. Это художественный мир, а не точный план настоящего города.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Родной город Вазова, где находится восстановленный дом-музей.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.vaz.sopot","name":"Сопот","latitude":42.653911,"longitude":24.755016,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":2500,"sourceIds":["src.vaz.coord.sopot"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"vaz.sopot","url":"/ru/map/#vaz.sopot"},{"note":"В Одессе Васил Априлов жил и поддерживал болгарские просветительские начинания, включая училище в Габрово.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.gabrovo.odesa","name":"Одесса","latitude":46.4843023,"longitude":30.7322878,"accuracy":"approximate","sourceIds":["src.gabrovo.bas-enc-odesa","src.gabrovo.gotovska-2024","src.gabrovo.osm","src.vaz.coord.odesa"],"radiusMeters":5000,"short":"Одесса","guideUrl":null,"slug":"gabrovo.odesa","url":"/ru/map/#gabrovo.odesa"},{"note":"Город, где вышло раннее английское 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Марко","body":"Первая сцена романа — семейный ужин во дворе Марко. «Чорбаджи» — старинное название зажиточного человека. На рисунке Йозефа Обербауэра мы видим собравшихся людей, низкий стол и фонарь. Это иллюстрация 1894 года, а не фотография настоящего ужина.\n\nОт таких повседневных сцен роман ведёт нас к подготовке Апрельского восстания. Это восстание против османской власти произошло в 1876 году. Османская империя — государство, которое тогда управляло этими землями. Историческое восстание было подавлено.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-marko-480.66dca97e.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-marko-960.66dca97e.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-marko-1600.66dca97e.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#afb4b3","h":1488,"w":2119,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-marko-960.66dca97e.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vaz-marko-960.66dca97e.webp","id":"asset.vaz.marko","alt":"Йозеф Обербауер: Марко и его семья, 1894 г. Иллюстрация, а не фотография события.","objectCaption":"Йозеф Обербауер: Марко и его семья, 1894 г. 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Это деталь иллюстрации, а не сохранившийся предмет с ужина.","sourceIds":["src.vaz.media.marko"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-vaz-table","x":0.515,"y":0.764,"title":"Низкий стол","body":"Стол собирает семью вместе. Роман начинается с ужина семьи Марко во дворе.","sourceIds":["src.vaz.novel","src.vaz.media.marko"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-vaz-signature","x":0.782,"y":0.98,"title":"Подпись и год","body":"Внизу справа стоят подпись Обербауера и 1894 год. Художник изображает сцену из романа.","sourceIds":["src.vaz.media.marko"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":30.189291666666666,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"ru_RU-dmitri-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.ru.vazov-under-the-yoke.vazov-under-the-yoke.s3-supper","duration":30.293,"src":"/audio/ru/vazov-under-the-yoke/s3-supper.5fcd0123.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.vaz.novel"},{"id":"src.vaz.media.marko"},{"id":"src.vaz.cas2007"}]},{"id":"vazov-under-the-yoke.s4-radas-classroom","number":4,"kind":"narrative","title":"Кто помогает испуганным детям?","body":"В главе «Радины волнения» учительница Рада приводит учениц на годовой экзамен перед публикой. Стефчов задаёт вопросы, которые их сбивают с толку. Огнянов — герой романа. Он вмешивается и задаёт более понятные вопросы. Девочкам удаётся ответить.\n\nЭту сцену можно прочитать так: поддержка помогает детям преодолеть страх.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-house02-480.cf9b0f28.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-house02-960.cf9b0f28.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-house02-1600.cf9b0f28.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#4e483d","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-vaz-house02-960.cf9b0f28.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-vaz-house02-960.cf9b0f28.webp","id":"asset.vaz.house02","alt":"Музейная экспозиция с тканями и посудой. Не установлено, что это личные вещи писателя. Это не класс Рады.","objectCaption":"Музейная экспозиция с тканями и посудой. Не установлено, что это личные вещи писателя. 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