{"version":2,"locale":"tr","id":"story.atanasoff-computer","hasFind":true,"slug":"atanasoff-computer","url":"/tr/stories/atanasoff-computer/","topic":"John Vincent Atanasoff","title":"Atanasoff ve bilgisayar tartışması","summary":"John Atanasoff ve Clifford Berry, Iowa'da zor hesaplar için bir makine yapar. On yıllar sonra fikirleri, başka bir bilgisayarın patentiyle ilgili bir tartışmanın parçası olur.","cover":{"title":"Atanasoff ve bilgisayar tartışması","subtitle":"Bir hesap makinesi ve bir patent davası","hook":"Atanasoff ve Berry ne yaptı?","summary":"John Atanasoff ve Clifford Berry, Iowa'da zor hesaplar için bir makine yapar. On yıllar sonra fikirleri, başka bir bilgisayarın patentiyle ilgili bir tartışmanın parçası olur.","takeaway":"Belirli bir patent hakkındaki karar, bilgisayarların yaratılmasındaki bütün payları belirlemez."},"sortYear":1942,"firstActivity":4,"epoch":{"id":"epoch.xx","styleId":"xx","sortOrder":0,"title":"20. yüzyıl","dateLabel":"1901–2000","eraShort":"20. yüzyıl","slug":"xx","fill":"#CFC9C4","ink":"#221616","raised":"#D6D1CD","dark":"#64615F"},"epochId":"epoch.xx","placeShort":"Ames","date":"1939–1942","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-480.e7075786.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.avif","w":660}],"dominant":"#937a61","h":811,"w":660,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.webp","w":660}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.webp","id":"asset.ata.add-subtract-cutout","alt":"Kesilmiş ayrıntı; arka plan kaldırıldı. Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının yeniden yapılmış toplama ve çıkarma modülü.","objectCaption":"ABC kopyası","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"ArnoldReinhold · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_add-subtract_module.agr.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"scenes":[{"id":"atanasoff-computer.s1-equations","number":1,"kind":"narrative","title":"Uzun hesaplara karşı bir makine","body":"Iowa eyaletinin Ames kentinde John Atanasoff, saatler süren hesaplardan tasarruf etmek ister. Mekanik hesap makinesi yardımcı olur, ancak uzun işlemler yine de çok emek gerektirir. Atanasoff ve Clifford Berry, makineyi 1939 ile 1942 arasında Ames'te yapar.\n\nBu, Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarı ya da ABC'dir. Aralık 1939'da deneysel bir model zaten çalışmaktadır. Büyük makine, 29 bilinmeyenli 29 denkleme kadar çözmek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Bunlar ortak bilinmeyen sayıları olan ilişkili eşitliklerdir. Bilinmeyen fiyatlar içeren ve aynı anda doğru olması gereken birkaç hesap düşünün.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-durham-480.895d0ba8.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-durham-960.895d0ba8.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-durham-1600.895d0ba8.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#828883","h":1200,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-durham-960.895d0ba8.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-durham-960.895d0ba8.webp","id":"asset.ata.abc-durham","alt":"Durham Center’da Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının rekonstrüksiyonu.","objectCaption":"Durham Center’da Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının rekonstrüksiyonu.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"User:Manop · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: User:Manop / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Reconstruction of the Atanasoff–Berry Computer in the Durham Center. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"User:Manop / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Reconstruction of the Atanasoff–Berry Computer in the Durham Center. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_Computer.jpg","licenseUrl":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-front-480.e5b26b38.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-front-960.e5b26b38.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-front-1132.e5b26b38.avif","w":1132}],"dominant":"#c1c2c1","h":1600,"w":1132,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-front-960.e5b26b38.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-front-960.e5b26b38.webp","id":"asset.ata.portrait-front","alt":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un portresi. Fotoğrafın çekildiği tarih belirlenmemiştir.","objectCaption":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un portresi. Fotoğrafın çekildiği tarih belirlenmemiştir.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Eye Steel Film from Canada · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Eye Steel Film from Canada / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. John Vincent Atanasoff, portrait. The photographic date is not established. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Eye Steel Film from Canada / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. John Vincent Atanasoff, portrait. The photographic date is not established. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ATANASOFF_Pic%5E1_-_Flickr_-_Eye_Steel_Film.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Atanasoff ve Berry makineyi burada, bugünkü Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi olan Iowa State College’da yapar.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.iowa-state","name":"Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi, Ames","latitude":42.026194444444,"longitude":-93.648444444444,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.iowa","src.ata.operation"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.iowa-state","url":"/tr/map/#ata.iowa-state"}],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":43.49429166666667,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.s1-equations","duration":43.605,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/s1-equations.ccdfd0f6.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.operation"},{"id":"src.ata.court1973"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.abc-durham"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.portrait-front"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.s2-family","number":2,"kind":"map","title":"Okyanusun ötesindeki baba köyü","body":"Bulgaristan bağlantısı John Atanasoff'un babasıyla başlar. Ivan Atanasov, Yambol yakınlarındaki Boyacık köyündendir. 1889'da Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ne gider. Oğlu John Amerika'da çalışır; makine Iowa'da yapılır.\n\nJohn Atanasoff 1970'te Bulgaristan'a gelir. Anılarında Sofya'da verdiği bir konferansı ve Boyacık'taki akrabalarıyla görüşmelerini anlatır. Bu ziyaret, adının daha sonra ilişkilendirileceği mahkeme kararından öncedir.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-side-480.0e7a8d7f.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-side-960.0e7a8d7f.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-side-1195.0e7a8d7f.avif","w":1195}],"dominant":"#8e868b","h":1600,"w":1195,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-side-960.0e7a8d7f.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-side-960.0e7a8d7f.webp","id":"asset.ata.portrait-side","alt":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un ikinci portresi. Fotoğrafın çekildiği tarih belirlenmemiştir.","objectCaption":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un ikinci portresi. Fotoğrafın çekildiği tarih belirlenmemiştir.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Özgün fotoğrafçı bilinmiyor; Eye Steel Film (sağlayıcı); Lomita (işleme) · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Portrait of John Atanasoff. Provider: Eye Steel Film; processing: Lomita / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The original photographer and date are Unknown. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Portrait of John Atanasoff. Provider: Eye Steel Film; processing: Lomita / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The original photographer and date are Unknown. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ATANASOFF_Pic%5E2_-_Flickr_-_Eye_Steel_Film.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[{"note":"Babasının doğduğu köy. Atanasoff anılarında burada akrabalarıyla buluşmasını anlatır.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.boyadzhik","name":"Boyacık","latitude":42.397793,"longitude":26.302672,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.boyadzhik","src.ata.global","src.ata.sendov2013"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.boyadzhik","url":"/tr/map/#ata.boyadzhik"},{"note":"Atanasoff ve Berry makineyi burada, bugünkü Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi olan Iowa State College’da yapar.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.iowa-state","name":"Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi, Ames","latitude":42.026194444444,"longitude":-93.648444444444,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.iowa","src.ata.operation"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.iowa-state","url":"/tr/map/#ata.iowa-state"},{"note":"Sofya, Bulgaristan Prensliği’nin başkenti ve Kasım 1885’teki Sırp taarruzunun hedefiydi.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.unif.sofia","name":"Sofya","latitude":42.697886,"longitude":23.321726,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":5000,"sourceIds":["src.unif.coords.sofia","src.r1943.coords-sofia","src.r1943.ragaru2017","src.tar.coord.sofia","src.tar.sofia","src.ata.coord.sofia","src.ata.sendov2013"],"short":"Sofya","guideUrl":null,"slug":"unif.sofia","url":"/tr/map/#unif.sofia"}],"map":{"light":{"src":"/assets/maps/story-dfc52df39d6d03aa.jpg?v=de97387f7b","w":2048,"h":103,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[]},"dark":{"src":"/assets/maps/story-dfc52df39d6d03aa-dark.jpg?v=d46c08d021","w":2048,"h":103,"avif":[],"webp":[],"responsive":[]},"places":[{"note":"Babasının doğduğu köy. Atanasoff anılarında burada akrabalarıyla buluşmasını anlatır.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.boyadzhik","name":"Boyacık","latitude":42.397793,"longitude":26.302672,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.boyadzhik","src.ata.global","src.ata.sendov2013"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.boyadzhik","url":"/tr/map/#ata.boyadzhik","number":1,"x":97.61812,"y":50.16507,"inside":true,"viewX":97.61812,"viewY":50.16507},{"note":"Atanasoff ve Berry makineyi burada, bugünkü Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi olan Iowa State College’da yapar.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.iowa-state","name":"Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi, Ames","latitude":42.026194444444,"longitude":-93.648444444444,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.iowa","src.ata.operation"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.iowa-state","url":"/tr/map/#ata.iowa-state","number":2,"x":2.38188,"y":58.09458,"inside":true,"viewX":2.38188,"viewY":58.09457999999999},{"note":"Sofya, Bulgaristan Prensliği’nin başkenti ve Kasım 1885’teki Sırp taarruzunun hedefiydi.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.unif.sofia","name":"Sofya","latitude":42.697886,"longitude":23.321726,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":5000,"sourceIds":["src.unif.coords.sofia","src.r1943.coords-sofia","src.r1943.ragaru2017","src.tar.coord.sofia","src.tar.sofia","src.ata.coord.sofia","src.ata.sendov2013"],"short":"Sofya","guideUrl":null,"slug":"unif.sofia","url":"/tr/map/#unif.sofia","number":3,"x":95.25138,"y":43.72707,"inside":true,"viewX":93,"viewY":56.16507}],"extent":[-14.7685555555555,-0.026596775194352242,15.7438895555555,1.2230552010516562],"orientation":[{"name":"Sofya","kind":"town","x":95.252,"y":43.731,"viewX":95.252,"viewY":43.731},{"name":"Filibe","kind":"town","x":96.382,"y":55.769,"viewX":96.382,"viewY":55.769000000000005},{"name":"Varna","kind":"town","x":98.898,"y":32.579,"viewX":98.898,"viewY":32.579},{"name":"Burgaz","kind":"town","x":98.539,"y":47.873,"viewX":98.539,"viewY":47.873},{"name":"Rusçuk","kind":"town","x":97.351,"y":19.032,"viewX":97.351,"viewY":19.032},{"name":"Veliko Tırnovo","kind":"town","x":97.074,"y":35.577,"viewX":97.074,"viewY":35.577},{"name":"Plevne","kind":"town","x":96.272,"y":28.172,"viewX":96.272,"viewY":28.172000000000004},{"name":"Eski Zağra","kind":"town","x":97.088,"y":49.566,"viewX":97.088,"viewY":49.566},{"name":"Şumnu","kind":"town","x":98.121,"y":31.34,"viewX":98.121,"viewY":31.34},{"name":"Vidin","kind":"town","x":94.891,"y":15.508,"viewX":94.891,"viewY":15.508},{"name":"Blagoevgrad","kind":"town","x":95.071,"y":58.207,"viewX":95.071,"viewY":58.207},{"name":"Hasköy","kind":"town","x":97.025,"y":60.046,"viewX":97.025,"viewY":60.046},{"name":"Smolyan","kind":"town","x":96.347,"y":67.61,"viewX":96.347,"viewY":67.61},{"name":"İslimye","kind":"town","x":97.634,"y":44.075,"viewX":97.634,"viewY":44.075},{"name":"Dobriç","kind":"town","x":98.829,"y":24.782,"viewX":98.829,"viewY":24.782},{"name":"Pernik","kind":"town","x":95.026,"y":45.719,"viewX":95.026,"viewY":45.719},{"name":"Yanbolu","kind":"town","x":97.778,"y":48.315,"viewX":97.778,"viewY":48.315},{"name":"Pazarcık","kind":"town","x":96.055,"y":54.545,"viewX":96.055,"viewY":54.545},{"name":"İvraca","kind":"town","x":95.435,"y":32.664,"viewX":95.435,"viewY":32.664},{"name":"Gabrovo","kind":"town","x":96.837,"y":39.93,"viewX":96.837,"viewY":39.93},{"name":"Kırcaali","kind":"town","x":96.884,"y":66.418,"viewX":96.884,"viewY":66.418},{"name":"Köstendil","kind":"town","x":94.751,"y":52.6,"viewX":94.751,"viewY":52.6},{"name":"Montana","kind":"town","x":95.175,"y":28.27,"viewX":95.175,"viewY":28.27},{"name":"Lofça","kind":"town","x":96.357,"y":34.25,"viewX":96.357,"viewY":34.25},{"name":"Silistre","kind":"town","x":98.379,"y":12.849,"viewX":98.379,"viewY":12.849},{"name":"Eski Cuma","kind":"town","x":97.832,"y":31.775,"viewX":97.832,"viewY":31.775},{"name":"Razgrad","kind":"town","x":97.788,"y":25.639,"viewX":97.788,"viewY":25.639},{"name":"Kazanlık","kind":"town","x":96.896,"y":45.414,"viewX":96.896,"viewY":45.414},{"name":"Tuna","kind":"nature","x":96.751,"y":21.735,"viewX":96.751,"viewY":21.735},{"name":"Karadeniz","kind":"nature","x":99.283,"y":39.374,"viewX":99.283,"viewY":39.374},{"name":"Balkan Dağları","kind":"nature","x":96.425,"y":42.606,"viewX":96.425,"viewY":42.606},{"name":"Rila","kind":"nature","x":95.433,"y":55.884,"viewX":95.433,"viewY":55.884},{"name":"Pirin","kind":"nature","x":95.337,"y":63.958,"viewX":95.337,"viewY":63.958000000000006},{"name":"Rodoplar","kind":"nature","x":96.266,"y":67.132,"viewX":96.266,"viewY":67.132},{"name":"Istranca","kind":"nature","x":98.648,"y":57.588,"viewX":98.648,"viewY":57.58800000000001}],"crop":{"sx":1,"sy":1,"x":0,"y":0},"credit":{"id":"map-relief"}},"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":30.29375,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.s2-family","duration":30.421,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/s2-family.c7600092.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.global"},{"id":"src.ata.ufl"},{"id":"src.ata.sendov2013"},{"id":"src.ata.coord.boyadzhik"},{"id":"src.ata.coord.iowa"},{"id":"src.ata.coord.sofia"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.portrait-side"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.s3-memory","number":3,"kind":"artifact","title":"Tambur sayıları nasıl saklar","body":"Sol üstteki silindire bakın. Bu bir bellek tamburudur. Fotoğraf, savaş döneminden kalma makineyi değil, bir yeniden yapımı gösterir. ABC'de sayılar sıfır ve birlerle temsil edilir. Buna ikili sistem diyoruz.\n\nElektrik yükünü saklayan küçük aygıtlar olan kondansatörler bu işaretleri tutar. Yük zayıflar ve düzenli olarak yenilenmesi gerekir. Böylece bellek işlemler arasında sayıları kaybetmez. Nelerin hesaplanacağını insan belirler. Makine bir program, yani otomatik yürütülecek komutlar dizisi saklamaz.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-480.d6fb8a96.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-960.d6fb8a96.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-1600.d6fb8a96.avif","w":1600},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-2400.d6fb8a96.avif","w":2400}],"dominant":"#856e55","h":1800,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-960.d6fb8a96.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-960.d6fb8a96.webp","id":"asset.ata.abc-close","alt":"Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının rekonstrüksiyonu: tambur, kumanda paneli ve lambalar.","objectCaption":"Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının rekonstrüksiyonu: tambur, kumanda paneli ve lambalar.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed Atanasoff–Berry Computer: drum, control panel and tubes. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed Atanasoff–Berry Computer: drum, control panel and tubes. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_Computer_%E3%83%BC_Computer_History_Museum_(30781535612).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-memory-circuit-480.ba43816e.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-memory-circuit-960.ba43816e.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-memory-circuit-1600.ba43816e.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#767069","h":1350,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-memory-circuit-960.ba43816e.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-memory-circuit-960.ba43816e.webp","id":"asset.ata.memory-circuit","alt":"Vitrinde bir bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu ve elektronik devre.","objectCaption":"Kaynaklar, vitrindeki lambaların kökeni konusunda çelişiyor. Hangilerinin özgün olduğu belirlenmemiştir.","caption":"Kaynaklar, vitrindeki lambaların kökeni konusunda çelişiyor. Hangilerinin özgün olduğu belirlenmemiştir.","kindLabel":"Fotoğraf","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"WilliamSnail · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic circuit in a display case. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic circuit in a display case. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_circuit_display,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-close-480.5ae6ea69.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-close-960.5ae6ea69.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-close-1600.5ae6ea69.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#7d766d","h":1350,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-close-960.5ae6ea69.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-close-960.5ae6ea69.webp","id":"asset.ata.drum-close","alt":"Bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu; günümüze ulaşan özgün parça değil.","objectCaption":"Bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu; günümüze ulaşan özgün parça değil.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"WilliamSnail · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum; not the surviving original. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum; not the surviving original. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_drum_reproduction,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-wide-480.2c82494b.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-wide-960.2c82494b.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-wide-1600.2c82494b.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#8c847b","h":1350,"w":2400,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-wide-960.2c82494b.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-wide-960.2c82494b.webp","id":"asset.ata.drum-wide","alt":"Bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu ve elektronik parçalar, genel görünüm.","objectCaption":"Kaynaklar, vitrindeki lambaların kökeni konusunda çelişiyor. Hangilerinin özgün olduğu belirlenmemiştir.","caption":"Kaynaklar, vitrindeki lambaların kökeni konusunda çelişiyor. Hangilerinin özgün olduğu belirlenmemiştir.","kindLabel":"Fotoğraf","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"WilliamSnail · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic parts, wider view. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic parts, wider view. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_drum_reproduction_2,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-ata-drum","x":0.374,"y":0.229,"title":"Bellek tamburu","body":"Sol üstteki silindir bir bellek tamburudur. Makinede kondansatörler, sayıları temsil eden elektrik yüklerini saklar. Bu bir rekonstrüksiyondur.","sourceIds":["src.ata.gustafson2000","src.ata.chm"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-ata-controls","x":0.747,"y":0.23,"title":"Operatör kumandaları","body":"Operatör düğmeler ve anahtarlarla işlemleri seçer. Makine, bellekte saklanan bir programı okumaz.","sourceIds":["src.ata.gustafson2000","src.ata.chm"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-ata-tubes","x":0.731,"y":0.664,"title":"Elektron lambaları","body":"Bu cam parçalar elektrik sinyallerini kontrol eder. Bunlara elektron lambası denir. Makinenin tamamında yaklaşık üç yüz tane vardır.","sourceIds":["src.ata.gustafson2000"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":35.320875,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.s3-memory","duration":35.413,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/s3-memory.fd797823.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.operation"},{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"},{"id":"src.ata.chm"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.abc-close"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.memory-circuit"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.drum-close"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.drum-wide"},{"id":"src.ata.isu2010"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.a1-purpose","number":4,"kind":"activity","title":"Görev: makine ne işe yarar","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.ata.purpose","kind":"single_choice","prompt":"Atanasoff ve Berry ABC'yi ne için yapar?","sourceIds":["src.ata.court1973","src.ata.gustafson2000"],"items":[{"id":"opt-text","label":"Mektupları otomatik çevirmek için","whyWrong":"Mektup çevirisi ABC'nin anlatılan görevi değildir."},{"id":"opt-equations","label":"İlişkili denklemleri çözmek için"},{"id":"opt-games","label":"Bellekten farklı oyunlar çalıştırmak için","whyWrong":"Makinenin farklı görevler için saklanmış bir programı yoktur; amacı oyunlar değildir."}],"explanation":"Makine, ortak bilinmeyen sayıları olan ilişkili denklemler için yapılmıştır.","correctItemId":"opt-equations","sources":[{"id":"src.ata.court1973"},{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.149625,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.a1-purpose","duration":3.243,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/a1-purpose.1201c569.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.court1973"},{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.s4-patent","number":5,"kind":"narrative","title":"Mahkeme patenti geçersiz kılar","body":"1973'te yargıç Earl Larson, başka bir elektronik bilgisayar olan ENIAC'ın patentini geçersiz kılar. Patent, bir buluş üzerindeki hakları korur. Patent sahibi bir rakibinden ödeme ister. Patent sahibi, ENIAC'ı yapanların bağımsız çalıştığını savunur. Rakip buna itiraz eder: Atanasoff'un fikirleri kullanılmıştır. Mahkeme, patent başvurusundaki buluşun Atanasoff'tan alındığı sonucuna varır. Karar, bu patente bağlı hakları ortadan kaldırır. Bütün bilgisayarların tek bir yaratıcısını belirlemez.","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":34.20633333333333,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.s4-patent","duration":34.304,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/s4-patent.c5cb780f.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.court1973"},{"id":"src.ata.penn"},{"id":"src.ata.chm"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.s5-limits","number":6,"kind":"narrative","title":"Kıvılcımlar kâğıdı deler","body":"Makine sayıları saklayabilir ama hesaplama sırasında hata yapabilir. ABC ara sonuçları kâğıda kaydeder. Elektrik kıvılcımları küçük delikler açar; makine bunları daha sonra okur. Böylece bir adımın sonucu sonraki adımda kullanılabilir.\n\nYeniden yapım üzerine bir araştırmaya göre kâğıda kayıt sırasında hatalar oluşur. Bunlar en büyük denklem sistemlerinin güvenilir biçimde çözülmesini engeller. 29 sayısı, makinenin kaç bilinmeyen için tasarlandığını gösterir. Böyle bir problemi hatasız çözdüğünü kanıtlamaz.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-unpacked-480.f1014075.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-unpacked-960.f1014075.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-unpacked-1600.f1014075.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#978168","h":1064,"w":1600,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-unpacked-960.f1014075.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-unpacked-960.f1014075.webp","id":"asset.ata.abc-unpacked","alt":"Müze sergisi hazırlanırken bilgisayarın rekonstrüksiyonu; bir bölümü örtülü.","objectCaption":"Müze sergisi hazırlanırken bilgisayarın rekonstrüksiyonu; bir bölümü örtülü.","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed computer during exhibition preparation; part of it is covered. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed computer during exhibition preparation; part of it is covered. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_First_Digital_Electronic_Computer_(5111068123).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"}],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":34.8565,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.s5-limits","duration":34.987,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/s5-limits.e8a2848d.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.abc-unpacked"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.a2-timeline","number":7,"kind":"activity","title":"Görev: üç an","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.ata.timeline","kind":"sequence","prompt":"Olayları en erkenden başlayarak sıralayın.","sourceIds":["src.ata.court1973","src.ata.sendov2013"],"items":[{"id":"ev-prototype","label":"Deneysel model çalışır."},{"id":"ev-bulgaria","label":"Atanasoff Bulgaristan’ı ziyaret eder."},{"id":"ev-ruling","label":"Patent geçersiz kılınır."}],"explanation":"Iowa'daki çalışma ziyaretten, ziyaret de mahkeme kararından öncedir.","correctOrderIds":["ev-prototype","ev-bulgaria","ev-ruling"],"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.court1973"},{"id":"src.ata.sendov2013"}]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.4282916666666665,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.a2-timeline","duration":3.541,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/a2-timeline.6a494dc6.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.court1973"},{"id":"src.ata.sendov2013"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.s6-what-survives","number":8,"kind":"artifact","title":"Metal plaka üzerindeki tüpler","body":"Özgün ABC kırklı yılların sonunda sökülür ve neredeyse tamamı atılır. 1997'de bir ekip çalışan bir yeniden yapımı gösterir. Bu fotoğraf yeniden yapılmış bir parçayı gösterir. Cam tüplü küçük metal taban, bilgisayarın tamamı değil, bir toplama ve çıkarma modülüdür.\n\nYeniden yapım, bir tasarımın sınanmasına yardımcı olur. Bize göre “ilk kimdi” sorusunun cevabı, neyin sorulduğuna bağlıdır. Elektronik hesaplamada, programlamada ya da güvenilir çalışmada ilk kimdi? Bir patent hakkındaki karar, bilgisayarların tarihini tek kişinin eseri hâline getirmez.","images":[{"alpha":false,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-480.38c5dc76.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-778.38c5dc76.avif","w":778}],"dominant":"#928366","h":911,"w":778,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-778.38c5dc76.webp","w":778}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-778.38c5dc76.webp","id":"asset.ata.add-subtract","alt":"Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının yeniden yapılmış toplama ve çıkarma modülü.","objectCaption":"ABC kopyası","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"ArnoldReinhold · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_add-subtract_module.agr.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}],"hotspots":[{"id":"h-ata-module","x":0.49,"y":0.55,"title":"Hesaplama modülü","body":"Bu, yeniden yapılmış bir toplama ve çıkarma modülüdür; 1940’lardan kalma bir makinenin tamamı değildir.","sourceIds":["src.ata.chm","src.ata.photo.add-subtract"],"certainty":"source_reported"},{"id":"h-ata-glass","x":0.59,"y":0.44,"title":"Taban üzerindeki lamba","body":"Metal taban üzerindeki cam elektron lambalarından biri. Fotoğraf yeniden yapılmış bir nesneyi gösteriyor.","sourceIds":["src.ata.photo.add-subtract"],"certainty":"source_reported"}],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":null,"audio":{"durationSeconds":38.699375,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.s6-what-survives","duration":38.827,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/s6-what-survives.0eb402ea.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.isu2010"},{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"},{"id":"src.ata.chm"},{"id":"src.ata.photo.add-subtract"}]},{"id":"atanasoff-computer.a3-matching","number":9,"kind":"activity","title":"Görev: kim veya ne","body":"","images":[],"hotspots":[],"places":[],"map":null,"activity":{"id":"q.ata.matching","kind":"matching","prompt":"Her adı veya nesneyi hikâyedeki rolüyle eşleştirin.","sourceIds":["src.ata.operation","src.ata.gustafson2000","src.ata.court1973"],"items":[{"id":"m-berry","label":"Clifford Berry","pairedLabel":"ABC üzerinde Atanasoff ile çalışır"},{"id":"m-memory","label":"Kondansatör","pairedLabel":"Elektrik yükünü saklar"},{"id":"m-larson","label":"Earl Larson","pairedLabel":"Patent davasındaki yargıç"}],"explanation":"Berry yapımda yer alır, kondansatör belleğin bir parçasıdır, Larson kararı verir.","sources":[{"id":"src.ata.operation"},{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"},{"id":"src.ata.court1973"}],"columns":["Öğe","Açıklama"]},"audio":{"durationSeconds":3.7997916666666667,"source":"synthetic_tts","voice":"tr_TR-fettah-medium","provider":"Piper","assetId":"audio.tr.atanasoff-computer.atanasoff-computer.a3-matching","duration":3.925,"src":"/audio/tr/atanasoff-computer/a3-matching.5be2d522.m4a"},"textRevised":false,"sources":[{"id":"src.ata.operation"},{"id":"src.ata.gustafson2000"},{"id":"src.ata.court1973"}]}],"minutes":4,"sources":[{"year":null,"url":"https://www.computerhistory.org/revolution/birth-of-the-computer/4/99","institutionOrAuthor":"Computer History Museum","id":"src.ata.chm","title":"Atanasoff-Berry Computer","container":"Revolution: The First 2000 Years of Computing","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Computer History Museum"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2653086","institutionOrAuthor":"Wikimedia geographical database contributors","id":"src.ata.coord.boyadzhik","title":"Boyadzhik: geographical record","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Wikimedia geographical database contributors"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","container":""},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136919","institutionOrAuthor":"Wikimedia geographical database contributors","id":"src.ata.coord.iowa","title":"Iowa State University, Ames: geographical record","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Wikimedia geographical database contributors"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","container":""},{"year":null,"url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472","institutionOrAuthor":"Wikimedia geographical database contributors","id":"src.ata.coord.sofia","title":"Sofia: geographical record","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Wikimedia geographical database contributors"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","container":""},{"year":1973,"url":"https://isuu00001library102stg.blob.core.windows.net/digital-objects/atanasoff/pdf/atanasoff2655.pdf","institutionOrAuthor":"Earl R. Larson; United States District Court, District of Minnesota","id":"src.ata.court1973","title":"Honeywell Inc. v. Sperry Rand Corporation and Illinois Scientific Developments, Inc.: Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, and Order for Judgment (excerpts)","container":"Iowa State University Library, John Vincent Atanasoff Collection","pages":"47–49; final unnumbered order","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Earl R. Larson; United States District Court, District of Minnesota"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","isPdf":true},{"year":null,"url":"https://jva.cs.iastate.edu/global.php","institutionOrAuthor":"JVA Initiative Committee; Iowa State University","id":"src.ata.global","title":"Global Connections","container":"John Vincent Atanasoff Discovery Center","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["JVA Initiative Committee; Iowa State University"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":2000,"url":"https://agimcami.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/abcpaper.pdf","institutionOrAuthor":"John Gustafson","id":"src.ata.gustafson2000","title":"Reconstruction of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer","container":"The First Computers—History and Architectures, ed. Raúl Rojas and Ulf Hashagen; MIT Press","pages":"91–106","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["John Gustafson"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","isPdf":true},{"year":2010,"url":"https://archive.inside.iastate.edu/pdf/10/032510.pdf","institutionOrAuthor":"Iowa State University; photographs Bob Elbert","id":"src.ata.isu2010","title":"Taking the replica cross-country","container":"Inside Iowa State","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Iowa State University; photographs Bob Elbert"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","isPdf":true},{"year":null,"url":"https://jva.cs.iastate.edu/operation.php","institutionOrAuthor":"JVA Initiative Committee; Iowa State University","id":"src.ata.operation","title":"Atanasoff-Berry Computer: Operation/Purpose","container":"John Vincent Atanasoff Discovery Center","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["JVA Initiative Committee; Iowa State University"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://archives.upenn.edu/collections/finding-aid/upd8_12/","institutionOrAuthor":"University of Pennsylvania, University Archives and Records Center","id":"src.ata.penn","title":"ENIAC Trial Exhibits Master Collection, UPD 8.12","container":"University Archives finding aids","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["University of Pennsylvania, University Archives and Records Center"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_Computer_%E3%83%BC_Computer_History_Museum_(30781535612).jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan","id":"src.ata.photo.abc-close","title":"File:Atanasoff-Berry Computer ー Computer History Museum (30781535612).jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_Computer.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"User:Manop","id":"src.ata.photo.abc-durham","title":"File:Atanasoff-Berry Computer.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["User:Manop"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_First_Digital_Electronic_Computer_(5111068123).jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA","id":"src.ata.photo.abc-unpacked","title":"File:The First Digital Electronic Computer (5111068123).jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_add-subtract_module.agr.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"ArnoldReinhold","id":"src.ata.photo.add-subtract","title":"File:Atanasoff-Berry add-subtract module.agr.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["ArnoldReinhold"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_drum_reproduction,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"WilliamSnail","id":"src.ata.photo.drum-close","title":"File:ABC memory drum reproduction, Durham Center, Iowa State University.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["WilliamSnail"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_drum_reproduction_2,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"WilliamSnail","id":"src.ata.photo.drum-wide","title":"File:ABC memory drum reproduction 2, Durham Center, Iowa State University.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["WilliamSnail"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_circuit_display,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"WilliamSnail","id":"src.ata.photo.memory-circuit","title":"File:ABC memory circuit display, Durham Center, Iowa State University.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["WilliamSnail"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ATANASOFF_Pic%5E1_-_Flickr_-_Eye_Steel_Film.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Eye Steel Film from Canada","id":"src.ata.photo.portrait-front","title":"File:ATANASOFF Pic^1 - Flickr - Eye Steel Film.jpg","container":"Wikimedia Commons","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Eye Steel Film from Canada"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":null,"url":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ATANASOFF_Pic%5E2_-_Flickr_-_Eye_Steel_Film.jpg","institutionOrAuthor":"Eye Steel Film (provider); Lomita / Wikimedia Commons (processing); original photographer unknown","id":"src.ata.photo.portrait-side","title":"File:ATANASOFF Pic^2 - Flickr - Eye Steel Film.jpg","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Eye Steel Film (provider); Lomita / Wikimedia Commons (processing); original photographer unknown"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","container":""},{"year":2013,"url":"https://priroda.bas.bg/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/br3-2013-8-9.pdf","institutionOrAuthor":"Благовест Сендов; quoted memoir excerpt by John V. Atanasoff","id":"src.ata.sendov2013","title":"Джон Атанасов: Пионерът на информационната ера","container":"Природа (БАН)","issue":"3","pages":"44–51","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Благовест Сендов; quoted memoir excerpt by John V. Atanasoff"],"accessed":"2026-11-03","isPdf":true,"fieldLanguages":{"institutionOrAuthor":"bg","title":"bg","container":"bg"}},{"year":null,"url":"https://ece.ufl.edu/about/history/john-vincent-atanasoff/","institutionOrAuthor":"University of Florida, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","id":"src.ata.ufl","title":"John Vincent Atanasoff","container":"Department history","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["University of Florida, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"},{"year":1997,"url":"https://archive.news.iastate.edu/oldreleases/97/bios.html","institutionOrAuthor":"Iowa State University News Service","id":"src.ata.isu1997","title":"Biographies of the inventors of the first electronic digital computer","container":"News releases","accessedOn":"2026-11-03","authors":["Iowa State University News Service"],"accessed":"2026-11-03"}],"credits":[{"id":"asset.ata.add-subtract-cutout","src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.webp","alt":"Kesilmiş ayrıntı; arka plan kaldırıldı. Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının yeniden yapılmış toplama ve çıkarma modülü.","w":660,"h":811,"caption":"","credit":"ArnoldReinhold · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_add-subtract_module.agr.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.abc-durham","src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-durham-960.895d0ba8.webp","alt":"Durham Center’da Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının rekonstrüksiyonu.","w":1600,"h":1200,"caption":"","credit":"User:Manop · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 3.0","attribution":"Photo: User:Manop / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Reconstruction of the Atanasoff–Berry Computer in the Durham Center. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"User:Manop / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Reconstruction of the Atanasoff–Berry Computer in the Durham Center. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_Computer.jpg","licenseUrl":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.portrait-front","src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-front-960.e5b26b38.webp","alt":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un portresi. Fotoğrafın çekildiği tarih belirlenmemiştir.","w":1132,"h":1600,"caption":"","credit":"Eye Steel Film from Canada · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Eye Steel Film from Canada / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. John Vincent Atanasoff, portrait. The photographic date is not established. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Eye Steel Film from Canada / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. John Vincent Atanasoff, portrait. The photographic date is not established. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ATANASOFF_Pic%5E1_-_Flickr_-_Eye_Steel_Film.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.portrait-side","src":"/media/asset-ata-portrait-side-960.0e7a8d7f.webp","alt":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un ikinci portresi. Fotoğrafın çekildiği tarih belirlenmemiştir.","w":1195,"h":1600,"caption":"","credit":"Özgün fotoğrafçı bilinmiyor; Eye Steel Film (sağlayıcı); Lomita (işleme) · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Portrait of John Atanasoff. Provider: Eye Steel Film; processing: Lomita / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The original photographer and date are Unknown. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Portrait of John Atanasoff. Provider: Eye Steel Film; processing: Lomita / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. The original photographer and date are Unknown. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ATANASOFF_Pic%5E2_-_Flickr_-_Eye_Steel_Film.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.abc-close","src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-close-960.d6fb8a96.webp","alt":"Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının rekonstrüksiyonu: tambur, kumanda paneli ve lambalar.","w":2400,"h":1800,"caption":"","credit":"Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed Atanasoff–Berry Computer: drum, control panel and tubes. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Ik T from Kanagawa, Japan / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed Atanasoff–Berry Computer: drum, control panel and tubes. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_Computer_%E3%83%BC_Computer_History_Museum_(30781535612).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.memory-circuit","src":"/media/asset-ata-memory-circuit-960.ba43816e.webp","alt":"Vitrinde bir bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu ve elektronik devre.","w":2400,"h":1350,"caption":"Kaynaklar, vitrindeki lambaların kökeni konusunda çelişiyor. Hangilerinin özgün olduğu belirlenmemiştir.","kindLabel":"Fotoğraf","credit":"WilliamSnail · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic circuit in a display case. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic circuit in a display case. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_circuit_display,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.drum-close","src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-close-960.5ae6ea69.webp","alt":"Bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu; günümüze ulaşan özgün parça değil.","w":2400,"h":1350,"caption":"","credit":"WilliamSnail · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum; not the surviving original. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum; not the surviving original. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_drum_reproduction,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.drum-wide","src":"/media/asset-ata-drum-wide-960.2c82494b.webp","alt":"Bellek tamburu reprodüksiyonu ve elektronik parçalar, genel görünüm.","w":2400,"h":1350,"caption":"Kaynaklar, vitrindeki lambaların kökeni konusunda çelişiyor. Hangilerinin özgün olduğu belirlenmemiştir.","kindLabel":"Fotoğraf","credit":"WilliamSnail · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic parts, wider view. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"WilliamSnail / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reproduction memory drum and electronic parts, wider view. Sources disagree about the origin of the tubes in the display case. Which are original has not been established. Processed image. Museum display: reproduction drum","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ABC_memory_drum_reproduction_2,_Durham_Center,_Iowa_State_University.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.abc-unpacked","src":"/media/asset-ata-abc-unpacked-960.f1014075.webp","alt":"Müze sergisi hazırlanırken bilgisayarın rekonstrüksiyonu; bir bölümü örtülü.","w":1600,"h":1064,"caption":"","credit":"Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed computer during exhibition preparation; part of it is covered. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Steve Jurvetson from Menlo Park, USA / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0. Reconstructed computer during exhibition preparation; part of it is covered. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_First_Digital_Electronic_Computer_(5111068123).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"asset.ata.add-subtract","src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-778.38c5dc76.webp","alt":"Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının yeniden yapılmış toplama ve çıkarma modülü.","w":778,"h":911,"caption":"","credit":"ArnoldReinhold · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Processed image.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Processed image.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_add-subtract_module.agr.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}},{"id":"map-relief","src":"/assets/maps/relief@3x.jpg?v=075869a7dd","thumb":"/media/map/map-relief-2x-1024.4c826249.avif","alt":"Tarihî sınırlar olmadan coğrafi bağlam","w":3072,"h":1987,"caption":"","kindLabel":"Tarihî sınırlar olmadan coğrafi bağlam","visibleKind":"Tarihî sınırlar olmadan coğrafi bağlam","credit":"Tom Patterson · Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso · Kamu malı · Natural Earth","license":"Kamu malı","attribution":"Tom Patterson · Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso","attributionParts":null,"sourceUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/10m-raster-data/10m-gray-earth/","licenseUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"}}],"places":[{"note":"Babasının doğduğu köy. Atanasoff anılarında burada akrabalarıyla buluşmasını anlatır.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.boyadzhik","name":"Boyacık","latitude":42.397793,"longitude":26.302672,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.boyadzhik","src.ata.global","src.ata.sendov2013"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.boyadzhik","url":"/tr/map/#ata.boyadzhik"},{"note":"Atanasoff ve Berry makineyi burada, bugünkü Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi olan Iowa State College’da yapar.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.ata.iowa-state","name":"Iowa Eyalet Üniversitesi, Ames","latitude":42.026194444444,"longitude":-93.648444444444,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":1500,"sourceIds":["src.ata.coord.iowa","src.ata.operation"],"guideUrl":null,"slug":"ata.iowa-state","url":"/tr/map/#ata.iowa-state"},{"note":"Sofya, Bulgaristan Prensliği’nin başkenti ve Kasım 1885’teki Sırp taarruzunun hedefiydi.","precision":"approximate","id":"place.unif.sofia","name":"Sofya","latitude":42.697886,"longitude":23.321726,"accuracy":"approximate","radiusMeters":5000,"sourceIds":["src.unif.coords.sofia","src.r1943.coords-sofia","src.r1943.ragaru2017","src.tar.coord.sofia","src.tar.sofia","src.ata.coord.sofia","src.ata.sendov2013"],"short":"Sofya","guideUrl":null,"slug":"unif.sofia","url":"/tr/map/#unif.sofia"}],"find":null,"next":[{"storyId":"story.ruse-railway-1866","title":"Tuna'dan denize","topic":"Rusçuk–Varna","eyebrow":"Rusçuk–Varna","url":"/tr/stories/ruse-railway-1866/","reason":"İnsanların başka bir dönemde nasıl yaşayıp çalıştığını görün.","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-480.61bb0c23.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-960.61bb0c23.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-1600.61bb0c23.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#817b76","h":1350,"w":2190,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-960.61bb0c23.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-rail-crest-cutout-960.61bb0c23.webp","id":"asset.rail.crest-cutout","alt":"Kesilmiş ayrıntı; arka plan kaldırıldı. 1911 tarihli üretici plakası. Müze vagonundaki plaka: üreticinin adı, Breslau ve 1911.","objectCaption":"Üretici plakası","caption":"Müze vagonundaki plaka: üreticinin adı, Breslau ve 1911.","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 2.0","attribution":"Photo: Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Adam Jones from Kelowna, BC, Canada, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Plate on a museum carriage: maker’s name, Breslau and 1911. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crest_on_Breslau-Manufactured_Railway_Carriage_(1911)_-_National_Transport_Museum_-_Ruse_-_Bulgaria_(42347212964).jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0"},"minutes":4,"sceneCount":9},{"storyId":"story.georgi-ivanov-1979","title":"Yörüngeye, kenetlenmeden","topic":"Georgi İvanov","eyebrow":"Georgi İvanov · Baykonur","url":"/tr/stories/georgi-ivanov-1979/","reason":"","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-cosmos-capsule-cutout-480.e61f7ab3.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-cosmos-capsule-cutout-960.e61f7ab3.avif","w":960},{"src":"/media/asset-cosmos-capsule-cutout-1600.e61f7ab3.avif","w":1600}],"dominant":"#66584e","h":1781,"w":1618,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-cosmos-capsule-cutout-960.e61f7ab3.webp","w":960}],"src":"/media/asset-cosmos-capsule-cutout-960.e61f7ab3.webp","id":"asset.cosmos.capsule-cutout","alt":"Kesilmiş ayrıntı; arka plan kaldırıldı. Koyu ve kahverengi dış yüzeyli, yuvarlak pencereli çan biçimli kapsül; solunda bir paraşüt var.","objectCaption":"Soyuz 33 kapsülü","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Scroch · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: Scroch / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"Scroch / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Soyuz_33_descent_module.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"},"minutes":5,"sceneCount":9},{"storyId":"story.revival-school-gabrovo","title":"Bir okul bir şehri nasıl değiştirdi","topic":"1835 Gabrovo okulu","eyebrow":"1835 Gabrovo okulu · Gabrovo","url":"/tr/stories/revival-school-gabrovo/","reason":"","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-gabrovo-riben-bukvar-whale-dolphin-cutout-267.177c9b4e.avif","w":267}],"dominant":"#ac9075","h":549,"w":267,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-gabrovo-riben-bukvar-whale-dolphin-cutout-267.177c9b4e.webp","w":267}],"src":"/media/asset-gabrovo-riben-bukvar-whale-dolphin-cutout-267.177c9b4e.webp","id":"asset.gabrovo.riben-bukvar-whale-dolphin-cutout","alt":"Kesilmiş ayrıntı; arka plan kaldırıldı. Balıklı Alfabe’den gravürlerin yer aldığı sayfa: 9 ve 10 numaralı iki kuş, 12 numaralı bir yunus ve 11 numaralı büyük bir balina","objectCaption":"Balıklı Alfabe çizimleri","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"Photonik · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Illustrations from the Fish Primer, first published in 1824. The photographed copy is undated. Photo: Photonik / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Illustrations from the Fish Primer, first published in 1824. The photographed copy is undated. Photo: Photonik / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Riben-bukvar-pril3-1600.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"},"minutes":6,"sceneCount":9}],"people":[{"id":"person.ivan-atanasov-father","name":"İvan Atanasov","url":"/tr/people/ivan-atanasov-father/"},{"id":"person.earl-larson","name":"Earl Larson","url":"/tr/people/earl-larson/"},{"id":"person.john-atanasoff","name":"John Vincent Atanasoff","url":"/tr/people/john-atanasoff/"},{"id":"person.clifford-berry","name":"Clifford Berry","url":"/tr/people/clifford-berry/"}],"rulers":[],"status":"draft","fact":{"id":"fact.discover.atanasoff-computer","storyId":"story.atanasoff-computer","factId":"F01","text":"John Vincent Atanasoff’un babası, Yambol bölgesindeki Boyacık köyünden bir Bulgardı.","sourceIds":["src.ata.sendov2013","src.ata.global"]},"collectionFind":{"number":58,"total":59,"title":"ABC kopyası","dateLabel":"Tarihleme belirtilmemiş","image":{"alpha":true,"avif":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-480.e7075786.avif","w":480},{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.avif","w":660}],"dominant":"#937a61","h":811,"w":660,"webp":[{"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.webp","w":660}],"src":"/media/asset-ata-add-subtract-cutout-660.e7075786.webp","id":"asset.ata.add-subtract-cutout","alt":"Kesilmiş ayrıntı; arka plan kaldırıldı. Atanasoff–Berry bilgisayarının yeniden yapılmış toplama ve çıkarma modülü.","objectCaption":"ABC kopyası","caption":"","kind":"photo","creditLabels":{"title":"Görseller","source":"Kaynağı aç","full":"Tam kaynak bilgisi"},"fit":"contain","credit":"ArnoldReinhold · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","attribution":"Photo: ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Cut-out detail; background removed.","attributionParts":[{"text":"Photo: ","lang":"en"},{"text":"ArnoldReinhold / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Reconstructed add-subtract module from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer. Cut-out detail; background removed.","lang":"en"}],"sourceUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atanasoff-Berry_add-subtract_module.agr.jpg","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0"}},"ui":{"web.learnPromo":"Bu öyküleri Bulgarca okuyun — dili öğrenin","web.travelPromo":"Burayı ziyaret edin — Bulgaristan gezi rehberi","web.autoAdvance":"Sonraki sahneye otomatik geçiş","web.repeatActivities":"Etkinlikleri tekrarla","web.shortcuts":"Klavye kısayolları","web.sceneNavigation":"Önceki / sonraki sahne","web.findCount":"{total} buluntudan {count} tanesi bulundu","web.resumeNarration":"{time} konumundan sürdür","web.activityLabel":"Etkinlik","web.skippedActivities":"Etkinlikler · {count} — başla","web.placesCount":"yer: {count}","web.moreAnswers":"Diğer yanıtlar aşağıda","web.playerSceneOf":"Sahne {scene} / {total}: {title}","web.closeStory":"Hikâyeyi kapat","web.imageFit":"Görselin tamamını göster","web.activityOf":"Etkinlik · {scene} / {total}","web.activityMoved":"Taşındı: {total} konumdan {scene}. konuma","web.activityIncomplete":"Tüm çiftleri eşleştirin","web.seekTen":"10 saniye geri / ileri","web.activityFromScene":"{scene}. sahneden","web.nextStory":"Sonraki hikâye","web.transcriptRevised":"metin netleştirildi","action.close":"Kapat","action.next":"İleri","action.retry":"Yeniden dene","activity.check":"Kontrol et","answer.correct":"Doğru","answer.incorrect":"Yanlış","audio.backTen":"10 saniye geri","audio.pause":"Duraklat","audio.play":"Anlatımı oynat","audio.seek":"Anlatım konumu","audio.speed":"Anlatım hızı","audio.synthetic":"Sentetik ses","audio.unavailable":"Ses kullanılamıyor. Metni okuyabilirsin.","bookmark.add":"Hikâyeyi kaydet","bookmark.inSaved":"Kaydedilenlerde","bookmark.remove":"Kayıtlı hikâyeyi kaldır","bookmark.removed":"Yer imi kaldırıldı","credit.title":"Görseller","discover.audioMinutes %lld":"%lld dk","discover.mapLabel":"Tarihî sınırlar olmadan coğrafi bağlam","player.approximate":"Yaklaşık konum","player.back":"Geri","player.completed":"Koleksiyonunuza yeni bir buluntu","player.counter %lld %lld":"%1$lld / %2$lld","player.details %lld":"Ayrıntılar (%lld)","player.explanation":"Neden böyle?","player.finish":"Bitir","player.firstCorrect":"✓ İlk denemede doğru","player.firstOther":"İlk deneme kaydedildi. Tekrar denemek alıştırmadır.","player.interpretation":"Yorum","player.matchHint":"Soldaki terime, ardından sağdaki anlama dokun. Bağlantıyı kaldırmak için bağlı öğeye dokun.","player.moveDown":"Aşağı taşı","player.moveUp":"Yukarı taşı","player.nextDetail":"Sonraki ayrıntı","player.previousDetail":"Önceki ayrıntı","player.related":"İlgili hikâyeler","player.scene %lld":"Bölüm %lld","player.sequenceHint":"En eskiden en yeniye sıralayın.","player.showAll":"Tümünü göster","player.skip":"Atla","player.sources %lld":"Kaynaklar · %lld","player.summary %lld %lld":"İlk denemede doğru: %1$lld / %2$lld","player.unpair":"Çifti ayır","player.vitrine":"Buluntulara git","sources.title":"Kaynaklar","story.listen":"Dinle","story.sceneCount %lld":{"other":"%lld sahne","one":"%lld sahne"},"story.start":"Başla","answer.chosen":"Seçtiğiniz yanıt","answer.skipped":"Etkinlik atlandı","answer.revealed":"Yanıt gösterildi","answer.correctOrder":"Doğru sıralama","answer.correctPairs":"Doğru eşleştirmeler","answer.yours.correct":"Yanıtınız · doğru","answer.yours.incorrect":"Yanıtınız · yanlış","audio.stop":"Dinlemeyi durdur","Search.search.group.places":"Yerler","Atlas.zoomIn":"Yakınlaştır","Atlas.zoomOut":"Uzaklaştır"},"promos":{"learn":{"icon":"/media/promo/learn-160.webp","name":"Bulgarca Öğren","url":"https://bulgaria.zydeno.com/tr/learn-bulgarian/"},"travel":{"icon":"/media/promo/travel-160.webp","name":"Bulgaristan Gezi Rehberi","url":"https://bulgaria.zydeno.com/tr/travel-guide-bulgaria/"}}}