History of BulgariaHistory of Bulgaria
Not a portrait: Volume containing Theophanes’s chronicle. He writes about this ruler; the pictured passage is unidentified.
Not a portrait

First Bulgarian Tsardom · Khan

Kardam

≈Dates disputed: 777–803

Ruled before Krum; the end of his reign is not precisely known.

See the sources for the dating evidence.

Biography

Life

Editorial draft

The texts are drafts. Draft, source checking and expert review are separate states. A model assists with drafting and checking the texts. No expert has reviewed them yet.

Chronologies give different reign dates: c. 777–803 or c. 777–after 796.

Sources · 2

Open · Kardam

Sources

  1. John R. Martindale (editor); King’s College London Old Bulgarian Rulers Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire I (641–867). Ashgate, 2001; KCL online edition. · 2001
  2. Ian S. R. Mladjov Bulgaria (Bălgarija): kings and emperors of the Bulgarians; princes of Bulgaria and kings of the Bulgarians Ian Mladjov’s Resources, Chronologies. Author’s working chronology, updated March 2024, 6 pp. · 2024 · 1–6

Images

Not a portrait

Unknown scribe · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Not a portrait: Volume containing Theophanes’s chronicle. He writes about this ruler; the pictured passage is unidentified.

Open source

Full attribution

Unidentified copyist; texts by Syncellus and Theophanes; digitisation: National Library of France; Wikimedia Commons; Public domain. Two pages from a later copy of chronicles: BnF Supplément grec 327. This is not a record of the council of 681. The passage has not been identified as an account of Asparuh. Processed image.