Meet 341 figures from Bulgarian history.

People · 341

Person of the day

Kera Thamara

Life dates unknown

royal daughter

She appears among Ivan Alexander’s daughters.

Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356
Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356

20th century

1901–2000 · 73
Photographic portrait
Ivan Karastoyanov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Danail Nikolaev

1852–1942

military commander

Photographic portrait · 1937
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Dimitar Peshev

1894–1973

MP and lawyer

Photographic portrait · 1931
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Stefan

1878–1957

Metropolitan of Sofia

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Kiril

1901–1971

Metropolitan of Plovdiv

Photographic portrait · 1918–1919
Dimitar Karastoyanov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Boris III

1894–1943

Bulgarian tsar

Photograph · 1980 · detail
Unknown photographer; Bulgarian Archives State Agency, State Archives – Ruse · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Georgi Ivanov

Year of birth: 1940

cosmonaut

Not a portrait: Soyuz 33 descent module. He commanded Soyuz 33’s emergency return.
Not a portraitScroch · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Nikolai Rukavishnikov

1932–2002

Soyuz 33 commander

Photographic portrait · before 1924
Unknown · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Dimitar Blagoev

1856–1924

politician and journalist

Not a portrait: Buzludzha area today. He designed Buzludzha’s Memorial House.
Not a portraitMark Ahsmann · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Georgi Stoilov

1929–2022

architect

Not a portrait: Binding of the royal Gospel book. She bequeathed the royal Gospel book to the British Museum.
Not a portraitUnspecified · CC0 · British Library via Wikimedia Commons

Darea, Baroness Zouche

1860–1917

manuscript benefactor

Photographic portrait · 1912
Ivan Karastoyanov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Peyo Yavorov

1878–1914

poet

Photographic portrait · before 1936
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Asen Zlatarov

1885–1936

chemist and writer

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Vazov

1850–1921

writer

Photographic portrait · 1931
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Dora Gabe

1888?–1983

poet and translator

Photographic portrait · 1906
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Dimitrana Ivanova

1881–1960

women’s rights advocate

Not a portrait: Varna Archaeological Museum today. He directed the early excavations of the Varna cemetery.
Not a portraitWikipek · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Ivanov

1944–2001

archaeologist

Not a portrait: Church ruins at Patleina. He is associated with finding the ceramic icon at Patleina.
Not a portraitIzvora · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons (Wiki Loves Earth 2016)

Yordan Gospodinov

1872–1953

archaeologist

Not a portrait: The nine vessels in a museum case. One of three brothers who found the Panagyurishte treasure.
Not a portraitIvano Giambattista · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Pavel Deikov

Life dates unknown

treasure finder

Not a portrait: The nine vessels in a museum case. One of three brothers who found the Panagyurishte treasure.
Not a portraitIvano Giambattista · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Petko Deikov

Life dates unknown

treasure finder

Not a portrait: The nine vessels in a museum case. One of three brothers who found the Panagyurishte treasure.
Not a portraitIvano Giambattista · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Mihail Deikov

Life dates unknown

treasure finder

Photograph · 1912 · detail
Unknown photographer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Ferdinand I

1861–1948

Bulgarian tsar

Photograph · 1918 · detail
F. Bruckmann · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Aleksandar Malinov

1867–1938

prime minister

Photographic portrait, 1918–1928
National Photo Company Collection; Standard Eng. Co. (catalogue credit) · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Marie of Romania

1875–1938

queen of Romania

Photograph · before 1918 · detail
Unknown photographer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Stamen Grigorov

1878–1945

physician and researcher

Photographic portrait
Unknown photographer; Wellcome Collection · CC BY 4.0 · Wellcome Collection / Wikimedia Commons

Ilya Metchnikoff

1845–1916

biologist and immunity researcher

Photographic portrait
Eye Steel Film from Canada · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

John Vincent Atanasoff

1903–1995

electronic computing researcher

Not a portrait: Reconstruction of the ABC computer. Co-developer of the Atanasoff–Berry Computer.
Not a portraitUser:Manop · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Clifford Berry

1918–1963

electronic computing researcher

Photographic portrait
Unknown photographer / Anefo · CC0 · Nationaal Archief / Wikimedia Commons

Todor Zhivkov

1911–1998

Bulgarian party leader

Photographic portrait, 1976
Bert Verhoeff for Anefo · CC0 · Nationaal Archief / Wikimedia Commons

Petar Mladenov

1936–2000

Bulgarian party leader

Photographic portrait, 1996
Patrick Bombaert - European Commission · CC BY 4.0 · European Commission / Wikimedia Commons

Zhelyu Zhelev

1935–2015

UDF representative at the Round Table

Compact directory 38

Revival and Liberation

18th–19th centuries · 85
Later artistic depiction
Later artistic depictionUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Vasil Aprilov

1789–1847

education benefactor

Drawing · before 1871
DrawingUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Petar Beron

1799–1871

doctor and primer author

Photographic portrait · before 1881
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Neofit Rilski

1793–1881

monk, teacher and scholar

Contemporary portrait, before 1853
Contemporary portrait, before 1853Zahari Zograf · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Zahari Zograf

1810–1853

painter and icon painter

Later artistic depiction
Later artistic depictionGrigor Paskov · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Vasil Levski

18 Jul 1837 – 18 Feb 1873

revolutionary organiser

Photographic portrait · 1875
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Hristo Botev

6 Jan 1848 – 1 Jun 1876

poet and revolutionary

Later artistic depiction
Later artistic depictionUnknown ; photo: TwoWings · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Todor Kableshkov

1851–1876

revolutionary organiser

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Rayna Popgeorgieva

1856–1917

teacher and flag bearer

Photographic portrait · before 1868
Unknown 19th-century photographer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Hadzhi Dimitar

1840–1868

revolutionary band leader

Photographic portrait · before 1889
Dimitar Karastoyanov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Zahari Stoyanov

1850–1889

writer and revolutionary

Contemporary portrait, 1881
Contemporary portrait, 1881Konrad Dielitz · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Alexander I of Battenberg

1857–1893

Bulgarian prince

Photographic portrait
Ivan Karastoyanov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Danail Nikolaev

1852–1942

military commander

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Nikolai Stoletov

14 Nov 1831? – 1912

general

Not a portrait: Binding of the royal Gospel book. She bequeathed the royal Gospel book to the British Museum.
Not a portraitUnspecified · CC0 · British Library via Wikimedia Commons

Darea, Baroness Zouche

1860–1917

manuscript benefactor

Later artistic depiction · before 1868
Later artistic depictionUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Georgi Rakovski

1821–1867

revolutionary and journalist

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Lyuben Karavelov

c. 1834–1879

writer and revolutionary

Later artistic depiction
Later artistic depictionGrigor Paskov · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Georgi Benkovski

c. 1843–1876

insurgent leader

Photographic portrait · 1886
Prof. Ch. Koller · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Stefan Stambolov

1854–1895

prime minister

Photographic portrait · 1912
Ivan Karastoyanov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Peyo Yavorov

1878–1914

poet

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Vazov

1850–1921

writer

Contemporary portrait, 1812
Contemporary portrait, 1812Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Sophronius of Vratsa

1739–1813

churchman and writer

Photographic portrait · before 1893
Unknown photographer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Tonka Obretenova

c. 1812–1893

supporter of revolutionaries

Photographic portrait · 1887
П. Габровски · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Vasil Drumev

1841?–1901

writer, churchman and politician

Later artistic depiction · 19th century
Later artistic depictionUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Fyodor Ushakov

1745–1817

naval commander

Photographic portrait · before 1884
Ali Haydar Midhat · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Midhat Pasha

1822–1884?

Ottoman governor

Not a portrait: Entrance to St Nedelya church in Batak today. He was chosen as chief leader of the insurgents in Batak.
Not a portraitСпасимир · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Petar Goranov

1839–1925

insurgent leader

Photograph · 1912 · detail
Unknown photographer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Ferdinand I

1861–1948

Bulgarian tsar

Photographic portrait
Grigor Paskov (according to Wikimedia Commons; original sitting photographer unestablished) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons

Ilarion Makariopolski

1812–1875

church self-government campaigner

Photographic portrait
Kosta Razmov · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Antim I

1816–1888

Bulgarian exarch

Photographic portrait
Abdullah frères · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Osman Pasha

c. 1833–1900

Ottoman commander

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons

Marin Drinov

1838–1906

historian

Photographic portrait
Unknown author · Public domain · Bulgarian Archives State Agency / Wikimedia Commons

Petko Slaveykov

1827–1895

writer and politician

Compact directory 51

Ottoman period

1396–1878 · 5
Later artistic depiction · c. 1898
Later artistic depictionIvan Mrkvička (1856–1938) · Public domain · National Academy of Art, Sofia

Paisius of Hilendar

Year of birth: 1722

monk and historical author

Second Bulgarian Tsardom

1185–1396 · 69
Contemporary portrait, 1259
Contemporary portrait, 1259uploaded by bg:Потребител:Kandi · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Kaloyan

Life dates unknown

sebastocrator and donor

Contemporary portrait, 1259
Contemporary portrait, 1259uploaded by bg:Потребител:Kandi · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Desislava

Life dates unknown

church donor

Contemporary portrait, 1259
Contemporary portrait, 1259Unknown author · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Konstantin Tih

† 1277

Bulgarian tsar

Contemporary portrait, 1259
Contemporary portrait, 1259Unknown author · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Irina

† 1268

Bulgarian tsaritsa

Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356
Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356Anonymous medieval illuminator; British Library manuscript Add MS 39627 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Alexander

† 1371

Bulgarian tsar

Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356
Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356Anonymous medieval illuminator; British Library manuscript Add MS 39627 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Theodora

Life dates unknown

Bulgarian tsaritsa

Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356
Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356Anonymous medieval illuminator; British Library manuscript Add MS 39627 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Shishman

c. 1350–1395

Bulgarian tsar

Later artistic depiction · late 19th century
Later artistic depictionAlexander Shukshin · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Sratsimir

c. 1324–c. 1397

tsar at Vidin

Depiction on a coin · 12th century · detail
Depiction on a coinClassical Numismatic Group, Inc. · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons

Peter IV

† 1197

Bulgarian tsar

Later artistic depiction · 1860
Later artistic depictionNikolai Pavlovich · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Asen

† 1196

Bulgarian tsar

Not a portrait: Kaliakra fortress today. Kaliakra was the capital of his Black Sea domain.
Not a portraitInga Tomane · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Dobrotitsa

† c. 1386

ruler of Dobruja

Not a portrait: Despot Slav’s fortress in Melnik today. His rule belongs to Melnik’s medieval history.
Not a portraitKlearchos Kapoutsis from Paleo Faliro, Greece. · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Alexius Slav

Life dates unknown

medieval ruler

Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356
Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356from the Middle Ages, unknown · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Kera Thamara

Life dates unknown

royal daughter

Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356
Contemporary portrait, 1355–1356from the Middle Ages, unknown · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Keratsa

Year of birth: c. 1348

royal daughter

Manuscript miniature · 14th century · detail
Manuscript miniatureUnknown medieval illuminator · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Desislava

Life dates unknown

royal daughter

Contemporary portrait, 1185–1195
Contemporary portrait, 1185–1195PHGCOM · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Isaac II Angelos

c. 1156–1204

Byzantine emperor

Not a portrait: Hrelyo’s Tower today. His tower of 1335 survives within the later monastery.
Not a portraitExplorer1940 · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Hrelyo

† 1342

medieval donor

Fresco · 1633 · later depiction · detail
FrescoUnknown painter · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Joachim

† 1246

patriarch

Depiction on a coin · 13th century · detail
Depiction on a coinClassical Numismatic Group, Inc. · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan Asen II

c. 1190?–1241

Bulgarian tsar

Not a portrait: Remains of Adrianople’s walls. Defeated the Latin army at Adrianople in 1205.
Not a portraitDosseman · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Kaloyan

c. 1170?–1207

Bulgarian tsar

Icon · 1809 · later depiction · detail
IconSamokov School (artist unknown); Stolichanin (reproduction) · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Euthymius

c. 1330?–c. 1402?

patriarch

Contemporary portrait, 1430–1437
Contemporary portrait, 1430–1437Unknown artist; formerly attributed to Pisanello. Photo: Vassil. · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Sigismund

1368–1437

king of Hungary

Compact directory 47

Byzantine rule

1018–1185 · 3
Fresco · later depiction · detail
FrescoUnknown painter · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Gregory Pakourianos

† 1086

Byzantine commander

First Bulgarian Tsardom

681–1018 · 73
Later artistic depiction · 19th century
Later artistic depictionNikolai Pavlovich (1835–1894) · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Asparuh

c. 640–c. 701?

Bulgar ruler

Later artistic depiction · 19th century
Later artistic depictionUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Tervel

† c. 721

Bulgar ruler

Later artistic depiction · 1344–1345
Later artistic depictionOriginal: Constantine Manasses · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Krum

† 814

Bulgar ruler

Later artistic depiction · 12th century
Later artistic depictionJohn Skylitzes · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Omurtag

† 831

Bulgar ruler

Traditional identification: Boris I · 12th century
Traditional identification: Boris IConstantine of Preslav · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Boris I

† 907

prince and Christian convert

Later artistic depiction · 12th century
Later artistic depictionAnonymous medieval illuminator; reproduction uploaded by Кардам · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Simeon

c. 864–927

Bulgarian tsar

Contemporary portrait, 10th century
Contemporary portrait, 10th centuryUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Peter

c. 900–970

Bulgarian tsar

Later artistic depiction · 1885
Later artistic depictionJan Matejko; Markéta Ondrušková · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Cyril

c. 827–869

scholar and missionary

Later artistic depiction · 1885
Later artistic depictionJan Matejko; Markéta Ondrušková · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Methodius

c. 815–885

scholar and churchman

Later artistic depiction · 13th–14th century
Later artistic depictionUnknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Clement

c. 840–916

teacher and churchman

Later artistic depiction · late 14th century
Later artistic depictionUnknown artist · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Naum

c. 830–910

scholar and churchman

Later artistic depiction · 1259
Later artistic depictionUnknown author · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Ivan of Rila

c. 876–946

hermit and saint

Contemporary portrait, 802–803
Contemporary portrait, 802–803Dumbarton Oaks · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Nikephoros I

c. 750–811

Byzantine emperor

Depiction on a coin · 7th century · detail
Depiction on a coinClassical Numismatic Group, Inc. · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons

Constantine IV

c. 652–685

Byzantine emperor

Not a portrait: Samuel’s inscription, 992–993. Erected in memory of his parents and brother.
Not a portraitFyodor Uspensky · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Samuil

c. 958–1014

Bulgarian tsar

Compact directory 58

Antiquity: Thracians, Greeks, Romans

1st millennium BC – 6th century AD · 41

Compact directory 41